5.3.1 The Endocrine System

• What is the endocrine system defined as?

  Network of glands producing hormones
• The endocrine system uses feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.

  True
• Arrange the key endocrine glands in the order they appear from top to bottom in the body:

  1️⃣ Pituitary Gland

  2️⃣ Thyroid Gland

  3️⃣ Pancreas

  4️⃣ Adrenal Glands

  5️⃣ Ovaries/Testes
• The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone, which regulates growth
• What is one primary function of the endocrine system?

  Maintain homeostasis
• Insulin is released by the pancreas when blood sugar levels are high.


  True
• Which feedback mechanism is more common in the endocrine system?

  Negative feedback
• In positive feedback, the body amplifies a response to drive it towards completion
• What are the two main types of feedback mechanisms in the endocrine system?

  Negative and positive
• Negative feedback adjusts hormone levels to maintain a target value
• What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

  Regulate bodily functions
• Match the endocrine gland with its secreted hormone and function:

  Pituitary Gland ↔️ Growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin ||| Regulates growth, thyroid activity, milk production

  Thyroid Gland ↔️ Thyroxine ||| Controls metabolic rate

  Pancreas ↔️ Insulin, Glucagon ||| Regulates blood glucose levels
• Testosterone is secreted by the testes and controls male characteristics.

  True
• Which hormone secreted by the pituitary gland regulates milk production?

  Prolactin
• The endocrine system helps maintain homeostasis by regulating hormone secretion
• Positive feedback is more common than negative feedback in the endocrine system.

  False
• Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various bodily functions
• Match the endocrine gland with its secreted hormone(s):

  Pituitary Gland ↔️ Growth hormone

  Thyroid Gland ↔️ Thyroxine

  Pancreas ↔️ Insulin

  Ovaries ↔️ Oestrogen
• What hormone does the thyroid gland secrete?

  Thyroxine
• Hormones are only produced by endocrine glands.


  True
• Negative feedback is a mechanism where the body adjusts hormone levels to maintain a target value
• Arrange the steps of positive feedback during childbirth in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Release of oxytocin

  2️⃣ Uterine contractions

  3️⃣ More oxytocin release

  4️⃣ Childbirth
• What feedback mechanism lowers blood sugar when it is high?

  Negative feedback
• Negative feedback is more common because it allows the body to maintain a stable internal environment.


  True
• Positive feedback plays a key role in childbirth and lactation.


  True
• The endocrine system consists of key glands and hormones
• Which hormone secreted by the adrenal glands activates the 'fight or flight' response?

  Adrenaline
• Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the endocrine system and secreted into the bloodstream
• Hormones regulate various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction.


  True
• Give an example of positive feedback in the endocrine system.

  Childbirth and oxytocin
• What is the primary role of the endocrine system in maintaining homeostasis?

  Hormone production and regulation