1.2 Key Concepts in Sociology

• A community of individuals with shared culture and social structures is called a society
• What are social structures?

  Stable patterns of social relationships
• Social action involves how people interpret and respond to social structures
• What are examples of social structures in sociology?

  Family, education, religion
• What is the primary function of the family as a social institution?

  Socializing individuals
• Functionalism views society as a complex system with interdependent parts
• What is a social structure in functionalism?

  Relationships organizing society
• Social behavior is influenced by unspoken rules called social norms
• A community of individuals with shared culture and social structures is called a society
• Match the sociological concept with its description:

  Social Structures ↔️ Stable patterns of relationships

  Social Action ↔️ Purposeful behavior in social contexts
• What are social institutions designed to shape and constrain within a society?

  Individual behavior
• Functionalism views society as a complex system with interdependent parts.


  True
• Marxism advocates for a communist society with equal resource distribution.

  True
• Which feminist perspective focuses on achieving legal and political equality for women through reforms?

  Liberal Feminism
• Match the concept with its description:

  Social Stratification ↔️ Hierarchical arrangement of groups

  Social Inequality ↔️ Unequal distribution of resources
• Social stratification creates social inequality.


  True
• What is the scientific study of society, human social behavior, and social change?

  Sociology
• Social behavior is influenced by social norms.


  True
• Social action refers to purposeful behavior within social contexts
• Functionalism emphasizes the roles of social structures and norms in maintaining social order.


  True
• Functionalists believe that social structures and norms help maintain social stability.


  True
• Match the functionalism concept with its example:

  Social Structure ↔️ Family

  Social Norms ↔️ Respecting elders

  Social Functions ↔️ Education provides skills and knowledge
• Émile Durkheim focused on social solidarity and the division of labor
• What is a social structure according to functionalism?

  Patterned arrangements of relationships
• Functionalists believe social structures and norms help maintain social order.


  True
• The bourgeoisie is the ruling class that owns the means of production
• Marx envisioned a communist society where social structures like capitalism are dismantled.


  True
• Patriarchy refers to the systemic dominance of men over women
• What does culture encompass in sociological terms?

  Shared values, beliefs, practices
• Match the type of norm with an example:

  Formal Norm ↔️ Traffic laws

  Informal Norm ↔️ Queuing
• What is one function of culture and norms in a society?

  Providing social cohesion
• Social stratification refers to the hierarchical organization of individuals based on wealth, power, and status
• Social inequality refers to the unequal distribution of resources and privileges in society.


  True
• What is a key aspect of research design in sociology?

  Defining the research question
• What is sociology the scientific study of?

  Society, social behavior, social change
• Social behavior is influenced by social norms.


  True
• Match the concept with its description:

  Social structures ↔️ Stable patterns of relationships

  Social action ↔️ Purposeful behavior in social contexts
• Social structures shape and constrain individual behavior.


  True
• Order the key differences between social structures and social action:

  1️⃣ Social structures are stable patterns of relationships

  2️⃣ Social action is purposeful behavior

  3️⃣ Social structures shape behavior

  4️⃣ Social action responds to structures
• Social institutions are stable patterns of social relationships, cultural norms, and organizational structures