2.2.3 Blood

• What are the three main functions of blood?

  Transport, protection, regulation
• Blood transports oxygen to tissues using red blood cells.


  True
• Blood helps maintain body temperature and pH levels within a healthy range.
• What percentage of blood volume is made up of plasma?

  55%
• Plasma helps maintain body temperature and pH levels.


  True
• Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, waste, hormones, and other substances around the body through a process called transport
• Which blood components fight infection and aid in blood clotting?

  White blood cells, platelets
• Match the blood function with the blood component involved:

  1️⃣ Transport of oxygen

  2️⃣ Red blood cells

  3️⃣ Immunity and blood clotting

  4️⃣ White blood cells and platelets

  5️⃣ Regulation of pH and temperature

  6️⃣ Plasma
• Plasma contains proteins such as albumin and clotting factors
• What is the shape of red blood cells?

  Biconcave disc
• Red blood cells contain the protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen.
• Plasma helps maintain body temperature and pH levels within a healthy range.

  True
• Plasma helps maintain body temperature and pH levels within a healthy range.

  True
• Red blood cells lack a nucleus
• What type of white blood cell attacks parasites and is involved in allergic responses?

  Eosinophils
• Steps in blood clotting initiated by platelets:

  1️⃣ Platelets aggregate at the site of a wound

  2️⃣ Clotting factors are released

  3️⃣ Fibrin clot forms

  4️⃣ Bleeding stops
• Match the function of blood with its description:

  Transport ↔️ Carries oxygen, nutrients, and waste

  Protection ↔️ Fights infection and clots blood

  Regulation ↔️ Maintains temperature and pH
• Why do red blood cells lack a nucleus?

  Increase flexibility
• What are white blood cells also known as?

  Leukocytes
• Match the white blood cell type with its function:

  Neutrophils ↔️ Engulf and destroy bacteria

  Lymphocytes ↔️ Produce antibodies and attack infected cells

  Monocytes ↔️ Phagocytize pathogens and transform into macrophages

  Eosinophils ↔️ Attack parasites and involved in allergic responses
• What is the primary role of platelets in blood?

  Blood clotting and wound healing
• Arrange the steps of the blood clotting process in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Vascular spasm

  2️⃣ Platelet plug formation

  3️⃣ Coagulation

  4️⃣ Clot stabilization
• Match the feature of hemoglobin with its description:

  Structure ↔️ Quaternary structure with heme groups

  Oxygen Binding ↔️ Iron atoms bind to oxygen molecules

  Oxygen Transport ↔️ Carries oxygen from lungs to tissues
• Carbon dioxide transport is more complex than oxygen transport in blood.


  True
• Nutrients are transported in the plasma component of blood.
• Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, waste, hormones, and other substances around the body.


  True
• Glucose is the primary energy source for cells
• Nutrients are transported in blood by hemoglobin, similar to oxygen.

  False
• Which component of blood helps regulate temperature and pH?

  Plasma
• White blood cells protect the body from infection by fighting pathogens.


  True
• Match the feature of red blood cells with its description:

  Shape ↔️ Biconcave disc

  Nucleus ↔️ Absent

  Hemoglobin ↔️ Essential for oxygen binding

  Lifespan ↔️ 120 days
• Lymphocytes include B cells that produce antibodies and T cells that attack infected cells.
• Which type of white blood cell transforms into macrophages?

  Monocytes
• During coagulation, clotting factors activate to form fibrin threads that strengthen the clot.
• What do platelets adhere to during blood clotting?

  Damaged vessel wall
• The three-step blood clotting process is essential for preventing blood loss after an injury.

  True
• The first step in blood clotting is vascular spasm
• What protein in red blood cells is responsible for oxygen transport?

  Hemoglobin
• The iron atoms in hemoglobin bind oxygen reversibly.


  True
• Carbon dioxide can bind to hemoglobin, forming carbaminohemoglobin