2.1 Conservatism

• Conservatives believe in preserving established customs, institutions, and social hierarchies
• What do conservatives emphasize in social and political issues?

  Tradition, hierarchy, gradual change
• Conservatives prefer incremental reforms over radical revolutions.


  True
• Who is considered the founder of modern conservatism?

  Edmund Burke
• Roger Scruton believed in the importance of community, authority, and respect for established social roles.


  True
• What are the core principles of Conservatism?

  Tradition, hierarchy, gradual change
• Conservatives prefer radical, revolutionary change over gradual, incremental reforms.

  False
• Order the historical periods that influenced Conservatism in chronological order.

  1️⃣ Enlightenment

  2️⃣ French Revolution

  3️⃣ Industrial Revolution
• Michael Oakeshott believed politics should be guided by practical knowledge rather than abstract ideals
• What is an example of a fiscal conservative policy in the UK?

  Reducing national debt
• What is a key difference between traditional and modern conservatism in foreign policy?

  Isolation vs. international engagement
• Conservatives' preference for gradual change is seen by some as an obstacle to necessary social progress
• What three core principles does Conservatism emphasize?

  Tradition, hierarchy, gradual change
• Conservatives believe in a structured society with clear social roles and responsibilities.


  True
• Arrange the following types of social change from conservative preference to least preference.

  1️⃣ Gradual, incremental change

  2️⃣ Radical, revolutionary change
• Conservatives value established customs, institutions, and social hierarchies, believing they provide stability
• Match the historical period with its impact on Conservatism:

  Enlightenment ↔️ Emphasis on tradition and hierarchy

  French Revolution ↔️ Heightened fears about social change

  Industrial Revolution ↔️ Advocacy for controlled modernization
• Michael Oakeshott emphasized the role of tradition in politics and was skeptical of rationalist approaches.
• Arrange the following historical periods in chronological order based on their impact on Conservatism.

  1️⃣ Enlightenment

  2️⃣ French Revolution

  3️⃣ Industrial Revolution
• Conservatives believe in preserving established customs, institutions, and social hierarchies
• What historical events shaped the emergence of Conservatism?

  Enlightenment and French Revolution
• What did Edmund Burke emphasize in his political philosophy?

  Tradition and gradual change
• Roger Scruton advocated for community values and criticized liberal individualism.

  True
• Match the key aspects of traditional and modern conservatism with their descriptions:

  Traditional Conservatism (Economy) ↔️ Strict fiscal policies with limited government spending

  Modern Conservatism (Economy) ↔️ Pragmatic approach with targeted investments

  Traditional Conservatism (Social Issues) ↔️ Emphasis on traditional values and family structures

  Modern Conservatism (Social Issues) ↔️ More open stance on social diversity
• What is one criticism of conservative policies regarding economic inequality?

  They fail to address it
• Modern conservatives adopt a more open stance on social diversity
• Defenders of conservatism argue that its principles provide stability and continuity in society.


  True