1.4.2 Effects of regular training on body systems

• What is hypertrophy in the context of muscle adaptations?

  Increase in muscle fiber size
• What does power refer to in athletic performance?

  Rate at which force is produced
• What is the effect of increased stroke volume on athletic performance?

  Improved oxygen delivery
• Why is increased blood volume beneficial during exercise?

  Improved thermoregulation
• Increased stroke volume improves oxygen delivery to working muscles
• Cardiovascular adaptations enhance endurance, power, and overall athletic performance.


  True
• What is the effect of stronger respiratory muscles on breathing?

  More efficient breathing
• Increased bone density reduces the risk of fractures
• Regular training improves the ability to exert maximal force
• Endurance training delays fatigue in endurance sports.


  True
• Increased cardiac output leads to increased aerobic capacity
• Cardiovascular adaptations improve thermoregulation and fluid balance during prolonged activity.


  True
• What does increased cardiac output lead to during exercise?

  Increased aerobic capacity
• Increased lung capacity improves oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal
• Respiratory adaptations allow athletes to sustain high-intensity exercise for longer periods.


  True
• How does increased bone strength prevent injuries during high-impact activities?

  Improved force transmission
• What happens to bone density with regular training?

  It increases
• Skeletal adaptations reduce injury risk and improve power output in athletes


  True
• Increased anaerobic capacity improves the ability to produce energy without oxygen
• What is hypertrophy in the muscular system?

  Increase in fiber size
• Match the muscular adaptation with its benefit:

  Strength ↔️ More effective movements

  Endurance ↔️ Prolonged performance

  Power ↔️ Enhanced explosiveness
• Increased cardiac output enhances aerobic capacity and endurance
• Increased respiratory rate during exercise delivers oxygen faster to working muscles
• Regular training leads to important skeletal system adaptations that enhance athletic performance.
• Skeletal adaptations reduce injury risk and improve power output.
• Match the skeletal adaptation with its definition:

  Increased Bone Density ↔️ Increased mineral content and thickness of bones

  Increased Bone Strength ↔️ Bones become more resistant to stress and strain
• Skeletal adaptations allow athletes to withstand greater forces during training.


  True
• Increased anaerobic capacity improves the ability to produce energy without oxygen.
• Anaerobic energy system adaptations improve lactic acid tolerance.


  True
• Match the immune system adaptation with its definition:

  Increased Immune Cell Count ↔️ Higher levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes, etc.

  Enhanced Immune Function ↔️ Improved ability of immune cells to detect and destroy pathogens

  Reduced Inflammation ↔️ Lower levels of inflammatory markers in the body
• Enhanced immune function reduces the risk of illness and speeds up injury recovery.


  True
• Reduced inflammation allows for faster recovery from training and reduces the risk of overuse injuries.
• Match the nervous system adaptation with its benefit:

  Increased Neural Efficiency ↔️ More coordinated and precise movements, enhanced skill acquisition

  Increased Motor Unit Recruitment ↔️ Greater number of muscle fibers activated per nerve impulse

  Improved Neuromuscular Coordination ↔️ Better synchronization of muscle contractions
• Greater motor unit recruitment leads to improved force production and power output.


  True
• Nervous system adaptations allow athletes to acquire new skills more rapidly.


  True
• Skeletal adaptations make bones stronger and more resilient, reducing injury risk.

  True
• Increased bone strength improves force transmission
• What is the definition of increased aerobic capacity?

  Ability to use oxygen
• The aerobic energy system utilizes oxygen to produce energy


  True
• Muscle strength is the ability to exert maximal force