4.1 Momentum and Impulse

• The formula for momentum is \( \vec{p} = m \vec{v} \)


  True
• The formula for momentum is \( \vec{p} = m \vec{v} \), where \(\vec{p}\) represents momentum
• The two main factors affecting momentum are mass and velocity
• What happens to momentum if velocity increases?

  Increases
• What is the formula for momentum?

  $\vec{p} =$$m \vec{v}$
• Impulse measures the change in momentum of an object when a force acts on it over a period of time
• Match the property with its definition:

  Impulse ↔️ Change in momentum due to force over time

  Force ↔️ External push or pull

  Time Interval ↔️ Duration force acts
• What are the units of impulse?

  Ns (kg m/s)
• What is the definition of momentum?

  Measure of quantity of motion
• Match the component with its symbol and units:

  Momentum ↔️ kg m/s

  Mass ↔️ kg

  Velocity ↔️ m/s
• Order the effects of mass and velocity on momentum:

  1️⃣ Increasing the mass increases momentum

  2️⃣ Decreasing the mass decreases momentum

  3️⃣ Increasing the velocity increases momentum

  4️⃣ Decreasing the velocity decreases momentum
• Momentum changes when either mass or velocity changes


  True
• What is the formula for impulse?

  $\vec{J} =$$\vec{F} \Delta t$
• What does the impulse-momentum theorem state?

  Impulse equals change in momentum
• Match the variable with its description in the impulse-momentum theorem:

  \(\vec{F}\) ↔️ Force applied

  \(\Delta t\) ↔️ Time interval

  m ↔️ Mass of the object

  \(\vec{v}_i\) ↔️ Initial velocity

  \(\vec{v}_f\) ↔️ Final velocity
• What is the formula for the impulse-momentum theorem?

  $\vec{J} =$$\Delta \vec{p}$
• The change in momentum is equal to the impulse, which is also the product of force and the time
• What does \(\Delta t\) represent in the impulse-momentum theorem?

  Time interval
• Match the property with its formula:

  Impulse ↔️ $\vec{J} =$$\vec{F} \Delta t$

  Momentum ↔️ $\vec{p} =$$m \vec{v}$

  Impulse-Momentum Theorem ↔️ $\vec{J} =$$\Delta \vec{p}$
• What is the formula for momentum?

  $\vec{p} =$$m \vec{v}$
• Order the following applications of momentum and impulse based on their primary purpose:

  1️⃣ Airbags in cars

  2️⃣ Seatbelts

  3️⃣ Rocket propulsion

  4️⃣ Sporting activities
• How does rocket propulsion use momentum and impulse?

  Expels gases for thrust
• In sporting activities, athletes apply force over time to change momentum for desired outcomes.

  True
• Impulse is defined as the change in momentum caused by a force acting over a time interval.
• What is momentum defined as?

  Mass times velocity
• The units of momentum are kg m/s.

  True
• Impulse is calculated using the formula \(\vec{J} = \vec{F} \Delta t\)
• What does the impulse-momentum theorem state?

  Impulse equals change in momentum
• A 2 kg object is initially moving at 5 m/s. A constant force of 10 N is applied to the object for 2 seconds. What is the final velocity of the object?

  15 m/s
• The final velocity of the object in the example problem is 15 m/s.


  True
• Momentum measures the quantity of motion of an object and is the product of its mass and velocity
• Match the property with its definition:

  Momentum ↔️ Quantity of motion

  Mass ↔️ Amount of matter

  Velocity ↔️ Speed and direction
• The units of momentum are kg m/s.

  True
• Increasing the mass of an object increases its momentum.


  True
• Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and velocity
• The units of momentum are kg m/s.


  True
• What are the two main factors that affect momentum?

  Mass and velocity
• The formula for impulse is \( \vec{J} = \vec{F} \Delta t \)


  True
• The impulse formula is \( \vec{J} = \vec{F} \Delta t \), where \(\vec{J}\) represents impulse
• Momentum is the product of mass and velocity.


  True