3.4.1 Use of Antibiotics

• Antibiotics work by killing bacteria or stopping them from multiplying
• Match the purpose of antibiotics and painkillers with their targets:

  Antibiotics ↔️ Bacteria

  Painkillers ↔️ Nervous system or inflammation sites
• Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria directly, while bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth
• What type of bacteria do broad-spectrum antibiotics target?

  Many types
• Match the type of antibiotic with its spectrum of activity:

  Broad-spectrum ↔️ Targets many types of bacteria

  Narrow-spectrum ↔️ Targets specific types of bacteria
• Narrow-spectrum antibiotics can treat a wide range of bacterial infections.

  False
• Order the essential bacterial processes targeted by antibiotics:

  1️⃣ Cell wall synthesis

  2️⃣ DNA replication

  3️⃣ Protein production

  4️⃣ Metabolic pathways
• Quinolones interfere with bacterial DNA replication
• What is the mechanism of bactericidal antibiotics?

  Kills bacteria directly
• Vancomycin is an example of a bacteriostatic antibiotic.

  False
• Antibiotics are classified based on their mechanism of action and spectrum of activity
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics are more targeted than narrow-spectrum antibiotics

  False
• Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections
• Antibiotics eliminate infections, while painkillers manage symptoms
• Match the antibiotic mechanism with its target:

  1️⃣ Cell wall synthesis

  2️⃣ DNA replication

  3️⃣ Protein production

  4️⃣ Metabolic pathways
• Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria directly, while bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit their growth
• What are antibiotics used to treat?

  Bacterial infections
• Painkillers eliminate the cause of infection.

  False
• What are the two primary mechanisms by which antibiotics work?

  Bactericidal or bacteriostatic
• Tetracycline is an example of a bactericidal antibiotic.

  False
• Bactericidal antibiotics directly kill bacteria, while bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit their growth
• Which antibiotic is an example of a broad-spectrum antibiotic?

  Amoxicillin
• Unlike painkillers, antibiotics target the cause of the infection
• Which antibiotic targets cell wall synthesis in bacteria?

  Penicillin
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics are effective against all types of bacteria.

  False
• Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by interfering with protein production
• Which broad-spectrum antibiotic targets many different types of bacteria?

  Amoxicillin
• Antibiotics can be classified based on their spectrum of activity
• The choice between broad-spectrum or narrow-spectrum antibiotics depends on the type of infection
• Antibiotics and painkillers target the same part of the body

  False
• Bactericidal antibiotics stop bacterial growth without killing them

  False
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics are always the best choice for treating infections

  False
• Narrow-spectrum antibiotics target a wide range of bacteria

  False
• Broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used when the specific bacterial pathogen is unknown
• Match the type of antibiotic with its spectrum:

  Broad-spectrum ↔️ Targets many types of bacteria

  Narrow-spectrum ↔️ Targets specific types of bacteria
• Overuse of antibiotics allows bacteria to evolve resistance.


  True
• Match the aspect with its proper use or misuse:

  Dosage ↔️ Prescribed dose

  Duration ↔️ Complete full course

  Regularity ↔️ Regular intervals
• Misuse of antibiotics renders them ineffective against future infections.

  True
• Overuse of antibiotics allows bacteria to evolve resistance
• Steps in the combined approach of antibiotics and the immune system to eradicate bacterial infections:

  1️⃣ Antibiotics create an environment where the immune system can function better

  2️⃣ Immune system's white blood cells identify and destroy bacteria

  3️⃣ Bacterial infection is fully eradicated