1.3.3 Short-term effects of exercise

• The short-term effects of exercise refer to immediate physiological changes that occur in the body during and after physical activity
• Aerobic exercise is characterized by longer duration and lower intensity compared to anaerobic exercise.

  True
• In anaerobic exercise, lactic acid production leads to muscle fatigue
• During aerobic exercise, breathing becomes steady and rhythmic
• Breathing depth remains moderate during aerobic exercise to maintain efficient oxygen supply.


  True
• Match the effect of exercise with the type of exercise:

  Rapid, deep breathing ↔️ Anaerobic exercise

  Steady, rhythmic breathing ↔️ Aerobic exercise
• Minimal lactic acid production during aerobic exercise avoids excessive muscle fatigue
• During aerobic exercise, the respiratory rate matches the body's oxygen demand
• During anaerobic exercise, the increased carbon dioxide removal leads to a buildup of lactic acid
• What happens to stroke volume during aerobic exercise?

  Increases significantly
• Match the cardiovascular effect with its exercise type:

  Rapid heart rate increase ↔️ Anaerobic exercise

  Significant stroke volume increase ↔️ Aerobic exercise
• During aerobic exercise, muscle fatigue is delayed due to the absence of excess lactic acid
• What is the primary energy source during aerobic exercise?

  Aerobic metabolism
• During anaerobic exercise, breathing depth increases to maximize oxygen uptake.


  True
• The respiratory system undergoes distinct changes during anaerobic and aerobic exercise
• During anaerobic exercise, increased carbon dioxide removal leads to lactic acid buildup and muscle fatigue
• During anaerobic exercise, blood pressure rises in both systolic and diastolic phases

  True
• How does stroke volume change during anaerobic versus aerobic exercise?

  Increases slightly in anaerobic
• During anaerobic exercise, muscle contraction relies on aerobic metabolism

  False
• During aerobic exercise, sympathetic activation maintains homeostasis
• Sensory feedback during aerobic exercise reduces pain and fatigue signals

  True
• What type of sweating occurs during aerobic exercise to dissipate heat?

  Profuse and prolonged
• Hydration strategies during aerobic exercise involve frequent sips of electrolytes


  True
• Anaerobic exercise uses anaerobic glycolysis as its primary energy source
• During aerobic exercise, oxygen supply matches oxygen demand
• Order the increase in heart rate during anaerobic and aerobic exercise from fastest to slowest:

  1️⃣ Anaerobic exercise

  2️⃣ Aerobic exercise
• During anaerobic exercise, respiratory rate increases to increase oxygen intake and remove carbon dioxide
• High oxygen demand during anaerobic exercise leads to anaerobic metabolism
• The energy source for aerobic exercise is aerobic metabolism
• Order the oxygen demand during anaerobic and aerobic exercise from highest to lowest:

  1️⃣ Anaerobic exercise

  2️⃣ Aerobic exercise
• What happens to breathing depth during anaerobic exercise?

  Increased
• Arrange the cardiovascular system effects during exercise in order of increasing heart rate:

  1️⃣ Gradual increase (Aerobic Exercise)

  2️⃣ Rapid increase (Anaerobic Exercise)
• During aerobic exercise, capillary dilation is significant
• Which metabolic process does muscle contraction rely on during anaerobic exercise?

  Anaerobic glycolysis
• Arrange the musculoskeletal system effects of exercise in order of increasing muscle endurance:

  1️⃣ Limited endurance (Anaerobic Exercise)

  2️⃣ Improved endurance (Aerobic Exercise)
• During anaerobic exercise, increased lactic acid production leads to muscle fatigue
• What is the effect of oxygen demand during aerobic exercise?

  Matched by supply
• What leads to anaerobic metabolism in the respiratory system during exercise?

  High oxygen demand
• Which two components make up the cardiovascular system?

  Heart and blood vessels
• During aerobic exercise, systolic pressure increases more than diastolic pressure, and blood flow is redirected to active muscles