1.1.5 Structure of synovial joints

• Articular cartilage is a smooth, slippery connective tissue that reduces friction
• What does the synovial membrane secrete?

  Synovial fluid
• Synovial fluid is a thick, viscous fluid that reduces friction and wear
• What type of synovial joint allows only flexion and extension?

  Hinge joint
• Where in the body is a pivot joint located?

  Neck
• Which type of joint is freely movable and located in the knee?

  Synovial joint
• Smooth, slippery connective tissue covering the ends of bones to reduce friction is called cartilage
• Steps involved in the functioning of a synovial joint

  1️⃣ Articular cartilage reduces friction

  2️⃣ Synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid

  3️⃣ Synovial fluid lubricates the joint

  4️⃣ Joint capsule stabilizes the joint
• Match the synovial joint component with its function:

  Articular cartilage ↔️ Reduces friction

  Synovial membrane ↔️ Secretes synovial fluid

  Joint capsule ↔️ Encloses and stabilizes the joint

  Synovial fluid ↔️ Lubricates and reduces wear
• What type of movement is allowed at a hinge joint?

  Flexion and extension
• Match the type of synovial joint with its example:

  Hinge joint ↔️ Knee

  Ball and socket joint ↔️ Hip

  Pivot joint ↔️ Neck

  Gliding joint ↔️ Wrist
• What are two examples of ball and socket joints in the body?

  Hip and shoulder
• Match the movement type with its description:

  Flexion ↔️ Bending a joint

  Extension ↔️ Straightening a joint

  Abduction ↔️ Moving a limb away from the midline

  Rotation ↔️ Turning a bone around its axis
• Several factors influence the health of synovial joints, including genetics, age, and weight
• What is the most common type of movable joint in the human body?

  Synovial joints
• The joint capsule is made of tough, fibrous connective tissue that stabilizes the joint.


  True
• Match the component of a synovial joint with its function:

  Articular cartilage ↔️ Reduces friction between bones

  Synovial membrane ↔️ Secretes synovial fluid

  Joint capsule ↔️ Encloses and stabilizes the joint

  Synovial fluid ↔️ Lubricates and reduces wear
• A ball and socket joint provides movement in all directions
• Synovial joints are freely movable, while fibrous joints are immovable.


  True
• An example of a fibrous joint is the sutures in the skull
• What is the primary function of synovial fluid?

  Reduces friction
• The components of a synovial joint work together to allow smooth, pain-free movement.


  True
• Synovial joints can be classified based on their shape and range of motion
• A ball and socket joint allows movement in all directions.


  True
• A hinge joint allows flexion and extension, which is essential for locomotion and manipulation
• A pivot joint allows the forearm to rotate.


  True
• What is an example of flexion at a synovial joint?

  Bending the knee