Cards (27)

    • Genetic relationships are used to classify organisms into a taxonomic hierarchy
    • Match the type of genetic relationship with its description:
      Homologous ↔️ Shared genetic ancestry
      Analogous ↔️ Shared physical characteristics
      Paralogous ↔️ Genes diverged within a single organism
      Orthologous ↔️ Genes diverged from a common ancestor
    • Arrange the types of genetic relationships based on their evolutionary origin:
      1️⃣ Homologous
      2️⃣ Orthologous
      3️⃣ Analogous
      4️⃣ Paralogous
    • Match the molecular technique with its description:
      DNA sequencing ↔️ Determines the nucleotide sequence
      DNA hybridization ↔️ Measures complementarity between DNA strands
      Protein sequencing ↔️ Analyzes the amino acid sequence
      Immunological techniques ↔️ Uses antibody-antigen reactions
    • Phylogenetic trees use nodes to represent common ancestors and branches to show descent.

      True
    • Phylogenetic trees are crucial for studying the evolutionary history of life
    • Genetic relationships are used to classify organisms into a taxonomic hierarchy based on their evolutionary history.
    • Understanding genetic relationships is crucial for accurately classifying organisms based on evolutionary relatedness.

      True
    • Higher DNA hybridization between two strands indicates closer evolutionary relationships.
    • A rooted phylogenetic tree begins at the earliest common ancestor and shows the direction of evolution.

      True
    • Phenotypic classification uses an organism's physical characteristics for classification.
    • Homologous structures share a common genetic origin due to common ancestry.
    • Match the type of structure with its description:
      Homologous ↔️ Share common genetic origin
      Analogous ↔️ Perform similar functions but evolved independently
    • Traditional classification methods using physical characteristics provide greater evolutionary insight than modern methods using genetic data.
      False
    • Understanding genetic relationships is crucial for classifying organisms based on their evolutionary relatedness
    • Molecular techniques are used to determine genetic relationships by analyzing the degree of genetic similarity
    • Molecular techniques provide quantitative data on genetic similarity, enabling accurate phylogenetic analysis
    • Match the type of phylogenetic tree with its characteristic:
      Rooted ↔️ Shows direction of evolution
      Unrooted ↔️ Shows relationships without direction
    • What does the degree of genetic similarity between organisms determine?
      Genetic relationships
    • Match the genetic relationship with its description:
      Homologous ↔️ Shared genetic ancestry due to common descent
      Analogous ↔️ Shared physical characteristics due to convergent evolution
      Paralogous ↔️ Genes diverged within a single organism due to duplication
      Orthologous ↔️ Genes in different species diverged from a common ancestor
    • What does DNA sequencing determine in molecular relationships?
      Nucleotide sequence
    • What do nodes represent in a phylogenetic tree?
      Common ancestors
    • Match the type of phylogenetic tree with its characteristic:
      Rooted ↔️ Shows direction of evolution from earliest ancestor
      Unrooted ↔️ Shows relationships without direction
    • What type of data does genotypic classification use to classify organisms?
      Genetic makeup
    • How do analogous structures evolve in different species?
      Convergent evolution
    • What does genetic data help determine in taxonomic classifications?
      Evolutionary relationships
    • Modern classification methods using genetic data often reveal surprising evolutionary connections.