2.3.1 DNA replication

• What is the purpose of DNA replication?

  To create two identical DNA molecules
• The leading strand is synthesized continuously during DNA replication.


  True
• Where does DNA replication begin on the DNA molecule?

  Origin of replication
• What enzyme joins Okazaki fragments together during DNA replication?

  DNA ligase
• Steps of DNA replication:

  1️⃣ Initiation

  2️⃣ Unwinding

  3️⃣ Priming

  4️⃣ Synthesis

  5️⃣ Ligation
• What are the short DNA fragments synthesized on the lagging strand called?

  Okazaki fragments
• Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix at the replication fork.


  True
• Primase synthesizes short RNA primers to initiate DNA replication.
• Where does DNA replication begin on the DNA molecule?

  Origin of replication
• Okazaki fragments are formed on the lagging strand.
• DNA replication begins at specific sites called the origin of replication.
• Which enzyme joins Okazaki fragments together during DNA replication?

  DNA Ligase
• DNA replication follows a semi-conservative model, meaning each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand
• Okazaki fragments are formed on the lagging strand.
• Primase synthesizes short RNA primers
• Match the enzyme with its function:

  Helicase ↔️ Unwinds the DNA double helix

  DNA Polymerase ↔️ Adds nucleotides to the 3' end

  Primase ↔️ Synthesizes RNA primers

  DNA Ligase ↔️ Joins Okazaki fragments
• The enzyme helicase creates a replication fork by unwinding the DNA double helix.


  True
• DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments together to form a continuous strand
• Which enzyme adds nucleotides to the 3' end of primers during DNA synthesis?

  DNA Polymerase
• DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments together to form a continuous strand.

  True
• Helicase creates a replication fork by unwinding the DNA double helix.


  True
• What is the purpose of DNA replication?

  To create two identical DNA molecules
• The enzyme helicase creates a replication fork by unwinding the DNA double helix.


  True
• Match the enzyme with its function:

  Helicase ↔️ Unwinds the DNA double helix

  DNA Polymerase ↔️ Adds nucleotides to the 3' end

  Primase ↔️ Synthesizes RNA primers

  DNA Ligase ↔️ Joins Okazaki fragments
• What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

  Unwinds DNA double helix
• What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

  Synthesizes RNA primers
• Steps involved in DNA replication

  1️⃣ Initiation: DNA replication begins at the origin of replication

  2️⃣ Unwinding: Helicase creates the replication fork

  3️⃣ Priming: Primase synthesizes RNA primers

  4️⃣ Synthesis: DNA polymerase adds nucleotides

  5️⃣ Ligation: DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments
• Match the enzyme with its function:

  Helicase ↔️ Unwinds DNA double helix

  DNA Polymerase ↔️ Adds nucleotides to primers

  Primase ↔️ Synthesizes RNA primers

  DNA Ligase ↔️ Joins Okazaki fragments
• What is the purpose of RNA primers in DNA replication?

  Provide a starting point
• Which enzyme joins Okazaki fragments to form a continuous DNA strand?

  DNA ligase
• What does the semi-conservative model of DNA replication ensure?

  Faithful genetic information
• Steps in DNA replication

  1️⃣ Initiation

  2️⃣ Unwinding

  3️⃣ Priming

  4️⃣ Synthesis

  5️⃣ Ligation
• The enzyme helicase unwinds and separates the DNA double helix, creating a replication fork
• On the lagging strand, DNA polymerase synthesizes short fragments called Okazaki fragments discontinuously.discontinuously
• DNA polymerase synthesizes continuously on the leading strand.


  True
• What is the function of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

  Adds complementary nucleotides
• DNA replication follows a semiconservative model, resulting in one original and one newly synthesized strand.


  True
• Primase synthesizes short RNA primers complementary to the template strands.
• DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of RNA primers.

  True
• DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragments together to form a continuous strand.