5.4 The Second Agricultural Revolution

• What is the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Advancements in agricultural practices
• When did the First Agricultural Revolution take place?

  18th century
• Order the technological advances of the Second Agricultural Revolution:

  1️⃣ Mechanization

  2️⃣ Fertilizers

  3️⃣ Pesticides
• What was the key improvement of the First Agricultural Revolution?

  Crop rotation
• The First Agricultural Revolution occurred in the 19th century.

  False
• Synthetic pesticides were developed to control pests, weeds, and diseases.

  True
• Match the aspect with the corresponding Agricultural Revolution:

  Output Increase ↔️ Moderate increase (First) ||| Dramatic increase (Second)

  Main Methods ↔️ Crop rotation, selective breeding (First) ||| Mechanization, fertilizers, pesticides (Second)

  Key Impact ↔️ Reduced labor needs (First) ||| Enhanced productivity (Second)
• The Second Agricultural Revolution occurred in the 18th-19th
• The Second Agricultural Revolution saw the introduction of mechanization, fertilizers, and pesticides
• What is mechanization in the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Introduction of farm machinery
• What centuries did the Second Agricultural Revolution take place in?

  18th and 19th
• Name three key technological advances of the Second Agricultural Revolution.

  Mechanization, fertilizers, pesticides
• How did mechanization increase food output during the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Boosted planting and harvesting efficiency
• What were two environmental consequences of the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Soil and water pollution
• Chronological order of the First and Second Agricultural Revolutions:

  1️⃣ First Agricultural Revolution (18th century)

  2️⃣ Second Agricultural Revolution (18th and 19th centuries)
• What were the key technological advances introduced during the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Mechanization, fertilizers, pesticides
• What was the purpose of synthetic pesticides developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Control pests and diseases
• How did the Second Agricultural Revolution impact food output compared to the First Agricultural Revolution?

  Dramatic increase
• Match the environmental impacts with the corresponding agricultural revolutions:

  First Agricultural Revolution ↔️ More sustainable

  Second Agricultural Revolution ↔️ Significant degradation
• The Second Agricultural Revolution built upon the earlier First Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century.
• What were the key legacies of the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Increased productivity, urbanization
• The Second Agricultural Revolution supported population growth and industrialization.

  True
• The Second Agricultural Revolution led to a dramatic increase in agricultural productivity.


  True
• Synthetic pesticides improved crop health by controlling pests and diseases.


  True
• The Second Agricultural Revolution followed and built upon the First Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century
• The seed drill, threshing machine, and steel plow were introduced to improve agricultural efficiency
• Chemical and organic fertilizers improved soil nutrients, resulting in higher crop yields
• The Second Agricultural Revolution built upon the advancements of the First Agricultural Revolution in the 18th century
• What were the three key technological advances introduced during the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Mechanization, fertilizers, pesticides
• Mechanization in the Second Agricultural Revolution involved the introduction of tools such as the seed drill, threshing machine, and steel plow
• The technological innovations of the Second Agricultural Revolution dramatically increased agricultural productivity
• The environmental impact of the Second Agricultural Revolution was significant degradation
• How did the Second Agricultural Revolution impact industrialization and economic development?

  Enabled significant growth
• During which time period did the Second Agricultural Revolution occur?

  18th-19th centuries
• The Second Agricultural Revolution contrasted with the more sustainable practices of the First Agricultural Revolution, such as crop rotation
• The Second Agricultural Revolution supported population growth and the transition to an industrialized economy.


  True
• The Second Agricultural Revolution enabled a significant increase in food production, supporting population growth and industrialization
• Chemical fertilizers like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were used to replenish soil nutrients during the Second Agricultural Revolution.


  True
• Order the factors that contributed to the increase in food output during the Second Agricultural Revolution.

  1️⃣ Mechanization with tools like the seed drill

  2️⃣ Use of chemical and organic fertilizers

  3️⃣ Control of pests and weeds with pesticides
• What were the key environmental effects of the Second Agricultural Revolution?

  Soil and water pollution