2.2.1 Characteristics of Series Circuits

• What is a series circuit?

  A single-loop electrical circuit
• The total voltage in a series circuit is the sum of the voltages across each component.

  True
• The total power consumed in a series circuit depends on the current and voltage.
• What is the primary characteristic of a series circuit in terms of component connection?

  Single-loop connection
• How does current flow in a series circuit?

  Same current through all components
• What happens to the current if one component fails in a series circuit?

  Current flow ceases
• The current in a series circuit remains constant throughout.


  True
• What is the formula for calculating the total voltage in a series circuit?

  V_{\text{total}} = V_1 + V_2 + \ldots + V_n</latex>
• Match the circuit type with its total resistance formula:

  Series ↔️ $R_{\text{total}} =$$R_{1} +$$R_{2} +$$\ldots +$$R_{n}$

  Parallel ↔️ $\frac{1}{R_{\text{total}}} =$$\frac{1}{R_{1}} +$$\frac{1}{R_{2}} +$$\ldots +$$\frac{1}{R_{n}}$
• What is a series circuit characterized by in terms of component connection?

  A single loop
• In a series circuit, the voltage across each resistor is proportional to its resistance value according to Ohm's Law.


  True
• What do \( V_1 \), \( V_2 \), ..., \( V_n \) represent in the voltage distribution formula for a series circuit?

  Voltage across each resistor
• Steps to calculate total voltage in a series circuit

  1️⃣ Determine the voltage across each resistor

  2️⃣ Add the voltages across all resistors

  3️⃣ The sum is the total voltage
• How is the total resistance calculated in a series circuit?

  By adding all resistance values
• The total resistance in a parallel circuit is calculated using the reciprocal of each resistance
• What is the formula for calculating total power in a series circuit using total voltage and current?

  \( P_{\text{total}} = V_{\text{total}} \times I \)
• The total power in a series circuit is the sum of the power consumed by each component.


  True
• What is a major disadvantage of a series circuit in terms of reliability?

  Failure of one component breaks the circuit
• In a series circuit, the voltage is distributed across the components
• In a series circuit, the same current flows through each component.
• How is the total resistance calculated in a series circuit?

  By adding individual resistances
• Series circuits are less reliable because if one component fails, the entire circuit breaks.

  True
• In a series circuit, the voltage across each component is the same.

  False
• The current in a series circuit is the same at any point in the circuit.
• In a series circuit, the voltage across each resistor is proportional to its resistance value.
• How is the total resistance in a series circuit calculated?

  $R_{\text{total}} =$$R_{1} +$$R_{2} +$$\ldots +$$R_{n}$
• The voltage in a parallel circuit is the same across each component.


  True
• If one component fails in a series circuit, the current ceases, breaking the circuit
• The total voltage in a series circuit is the sum of the voltages across each resistor
• The total voltage in a series circuit is always equal to the sum of the individual voltages across all resistors.

  True
• Match the resistor characteristics with their values:

  Resistance of R1 ↔️ 10 \(\Omega\)

  Voltage across R1 ↔️ 5 V

  Resistance of R2 ↔️ 20 \(\Omega\)

  Voltage across R2 ↔️ 10 V
• The total resistance in a series circuit is always less than the individual resistance values.

  False
• Match the circuit type with its total resistance formula:

  Series ↔️ \( R_{\text{total}} = R_1 + R_2 + \ldots + R_n \)

  Parallel ↔️ \( \frac{1}{R_{\text{total}}} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \ldots + \frac{1}{R_n} \)
• The total power in a series circuit can also be expressed using \( I^2 \times R_{\text{total}} \), where \( R_{\text{total}} \) is the total resistance
• Steps to design a series circuit

  1️⃣ Determine the required voltage and current

  2️⃣ Select components that meet the voltage and current requirements

  3️⃣ Connect components in a single loop

  4️⃣ Verify the circuit's operation
• Series circuits are more efficient than parallel circuits for complex systems.

  False