2.1 Cell Structure

• Prokaryotic cells have a true nucleus with a nuclear membrane.

  False
• Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.


  True
• Examples of organisms with prokaryotic cells include bacteria
• The nucleus controls cell growth, metabolism, and reproduction.


  True
• The cytoplasm facilitates transport and metabolic activities
• Where is genetic material located in a prokaryotic cell?

  Nucleoid region
• The plasma membrane regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell
• Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose, while animal cells do not.


  True
• Centrioles are present in animal cells but absent in plant cells
• Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose
• Animal cells have a large, central vacuole like plant cells.

  False
• What do centrioles organize during cell division in animal cells?

  Microtubules
• The presence of a cell wall and chloroplasts allows plant cells to perform photosynthesis, a process absent in animal cells.

  True
• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts
• What is the plasma membrane composed of in eukaryotic cells?

  Phospholipid bilayer
• Order the organelles based on their role in protein synthesis and transport:

  1️⃣ Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

  2️⃣ Golgi Apparatus
• Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic
• Chloroplasts in plant cells contain chlorophyll
• What are the two main types of cells found in living organisms?

  Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
• In prokaryotic cells, genetic material is located in the nucleoid
• What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?

  1-10 μm
• Arrange the components of a eukaryotic cell based on their function:

  1️⃣ Plasma membrane regulates substance entry and exit

  2️⃣ Cytoplasm supports cell activities

  3️⃣ Nucleus controls cell functions
• What is the plasma membrane made of in eukaryotic cells?

  Phospholipid bilayer
• Match the component of a eukaryotic cell with its function:

  Plasma membrane ↔️ Regulates substance passage

  Cytoplasm ↔️ Supports cell activities

  Nucleus ↔️ Controls cell functions
• Eukaryotic cells are typically larger than prokaryotic cells.

  True
• Match the organelle with its structure and function:

  Mitochondria ↔️ Double membrane with cristae, ATP production

  Endoplasmic Reticulum ↔️ Network of interconnected sacs, protein synthesis

  Golgi Apparatus ↔️ Stacks of flattened sacs, molecule packaging
• What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  Photosynthesis
• Arrange the organelles in the order they contribute to protein synthesis in a eukaryotic cell:

  1️⃣ Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) synthesizes proteins

  2️⃣ Golgi Apparatus processes and packages proteins

  3️⃣ Proteins are transported to their final destination
• What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  Photosynthesis
• Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration and ATP production
• Where is the genetic material located in prokaryotic cells?

  Nucleoid region
• Prokaryotic cells are structurally simpler compared to eukaryotic cells.

  True
• The cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells is a gel-like substance that facilitates transport and metabolic activities
• What is the function of the cristae in mitochondria?

  Increase surface area
• Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose.


  True
• Animal cells have a large central vacuole.

  False
• The nucleus controls cell functions.


  True
• Match the structural features with their presence in plant or animal cells:

  Cell Wall ↔️ Plant Cells

  Centrioles ↔️ Animal Cells
• Plant cells have a large, central vacuole
• What is the primary function of mitochondria?

  Cellular respiration