3.3 Principle of superposition of waves and formation of stationary waves

• What is the principle of superposition of waves?

  Displacements of waves add
• What happens to the amplitude in constructive interference?

  Increases
• What is the effect on wave intensity during destructive interference?

  Decreases
• The principle of superposition of waves results in interference, which can be constructive or destructive
• Constructive interference occurs when the crests and troughs of waves align.


  True
• Stationary waves form when two progressive waves with the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions.
• What conditions are necessary for the formation of stationary waves?

  Same frequency and amplitude
• The principle of superposition of waves states that when two or more waves meet, their displacements add together
• Constructive interference occurs when waves add together, resulting in a larger amplitude.


  True
• Destructive interference leads to a decrease in wave intensity.

  True
• Match the term with its description:

  Nodes ↔️ Points of no displacement

  Antinodes ↔️ Points of maximum displacement
• In closed tubes, only odd harmonics can form because one end is a node.

  True
• What type of interference results in nodes in stationary waves?

  Destructive
• In acoustic instruments, stationary sound waves form resonant frequencies
• The length of a guitar string determines the frequencies at which stationary waves form to produce distinct musical notes.

  True
• The principle of superposition of waves states that when two or more waves meet, their displacements add together
• Destructive interference occurs when the crest of one wave meets the crest of another.

  False
• Steps for wave interference according to the superposition principle:

  1️⃣ Two or more waves meet

  2️⃣ Their displacements add together

  3️⃣ Constructive or destructive interference occurs
• What are the two types of interference that result from the superposition principle?

  Constructive and destructive
• What determines whether waves reinforce or cancel each other out in interference?

  Relative phases
• What are nodes in a stationary wave?

  Points of no displacement
• Match the type of tube with its wave characteristics:

  Open tube ↔️ Both ends are antinodes

  Closed tube ↔️ One end is a node
• What are the two types of wave interference resulting from the principle of superposition?

  Constructive and destructive
• Destructive interference occurs when the crest of one wave meets the trough of another, resulting in a smaller amplitude
• What conditions are required for the formation of stationary waves?

  Same frequency, opposite direction
• In open tubes, both ends are antinodes
• Why do open tubes allow multiple harmonics to form?

  Both ends are antinodes
• Antinodes in stationary waves are points of maximum displacement due to constructive interference.

  True
• How do stationary waves heat food in microwave ovens?

  Resonant absorption
• In optical cavities, stationary waves amplify laser light