3.1 Progressive waves

• What is the key characteristic of progressive waves in terms of energy and information transfer?

  Transfer through a medium
• What is the amplitude of a progressive wave?

  Maximum displacement
• Match the property with its description:

  Vibration Direction ↔️ Perpendicular to propagation (Transverse) ||| Parallel to propagation (Longitudinal)

  Examples ↔️ Waves on a string (Transverse) ||| Sound waves (Longitudinal)
• Sound waves are an example of longitudinal waves.
• Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves.

  True
• Transverse waves have vibrations that are perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
• Seismic P-waves are examples of longitudinal waves.


  True
• What is the key difference between transverse and longitudinal waves in terms of particle motion?

  Perpendicular vs parallel
• Sound waves are longitudinal waves.

  True
• What is the direction of vibration in transverse waves relative to the direction of wave propagation?

  Perpendicular
• Sound waves are examples of transverse waves.

  False
• In transverse waves, vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
• Longitudinal waves have vibrations that are parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

  True
• What is the definition of amplitude in a wave?

  Maximum displacement from equilibrium
• Match the property with its relation to energy:

  Amplitude ↔️ Directly proportional

  Wavelength ↔️ No direct relation
• A wave with a shorter wavelength has a higher frequency.
• Transverse waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
• Frequency is defined as the number of waves passing a point per second.
• What is the formula relating frequency and period?

  $f =$$\frac{1}{T}$
• Frequency is measured in Hertz
• The period of a wave is measured in seconds
• What equation relates wave speed to wavelength and frequency?

  $v =$$f\lambda$
• Sound waves travel faster in solids than in gases due to density and elasticity differences.


  True
• The superposition principle states that wave displacements add together when waves interact.


  True
• Destructive interference occurs when waves with opposite phase
• What is the primary characteristic of progressive waves?

  Energy transfer
• Progressive waves can be either transverse or longitudinal depending on vibration direction.


  True
• Sound waves are an example of longitudinal waves.
• What does the amplitude of a wave represent?

  Energy carried by the wave
• A larger amplitude indicates a wave carries more energy.


  True
• Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position
• Amplitude is directly proportional to wave speed.

  False
• A shorter wavelength indicates a wave has higher frequency
• What unit is used to measure frequency?

  Hertz
• What is the formula relating frequency and period?

  f = \frac{1}{T}</latex>
• A wave with low frequency has a long period
• Match the wave property with its relation to wave speed:

  Wavelength ↔️ Inversely proportional

  Frequency ↔️ Directly proportional
• What happens to the amplitude during constructive interference?

  It increases
• Match the type of interference with its result:

  Constructive Interference ↔️ Larger amplitude

  Destructive Interference ↔️ Smaller amplitude or cancellation
• Progressive waves can be either transverse or longitudinal