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AQA A-Level Biology
1. Biological Molecules
1.9 Inorganic Ions
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What defines inorganic ions?
Charged particles without C-H bonds
Sodium ions (Na+) maintain water balance and nerve impulse
transmission
Match the ion with its biological role:
Calcium (Ca2+) ↔️ Bone formation, muscle contraction
Magnesium (Mg2+) ↔️ Enzyme cofactor, chlorophyll structure
Chloride (Cl-) ↔️ Maintains water balance, acid-base balance
Inorganic ions are essential for maintaining homeostasis and facilitating metabolic
reactions
Inorganic ions ensure proper
cellular
function and homeostasis.
True
Inorganic ions facilitate
metabolic
reactions in biological systems.
True
Sodium ions help regulate the distribution of water between blood, cells, and
tissues
Inorganic ions play a role in initiating
muscle contractions
.
True
What is the biological role of sodium ions (Na+)?
Water balance, nerve impulse transmission
Phosphate ions (PO4^3-) are essential for energy transfer in the form of
ATP
Sodium ions (Na+) create electrical signals for nerve communication by flowing across cell
membranes
Sodium ions work together with other ions to maintain
homeostasis
.
True
Potassium ions are as crucial as sodium ions for physiological processes.
True
Calcium ions are a primary component of bones and
teeth
What role do calcium ions play in enzyme activity?
Cofactor for enzymes
What is the primary biological role of calcium ions (Ca2+)?
Bone formation, muscle contraction, blood clotting
Inorganic ions are charged particles that do not contain carbon-hydrogen
bonds
Match the inorganic ion with its biological role:
Sodium (Na+) ↔️ Maintains water balance
Potassium (K+) ↔️ Nerve impulse transmission
Calcium (Ca2+) ↔️ Bone formation
Magnesium (Mg2+) ↔️ Enzyme cofactor
Chloride (Cl-) ↔️ Acid-base balance
Phosphate (PO4^3-) ↔️ Energy transfer
What is the biological role of calcium ions in blood clotting?
Necessary for coagulation
Chloride ions maintain water balance and acid-base
balance
What are the two primary functions of sodium ions in the body?
Water balance and nerve impulse transmission
Sodium ion flow is essential for creating electrical signals in nerve cells.
True
Potassium ions regulate the distribution of water between blood, cells, and
tissues
Match the function of calcium ions with its mechanism:
Bone Formation ↔️ Primary component of bones
Muscle Contraction ↔️ Binds to regulatory proteins
Blood Clotting ↔️ Necessary for coagulation cascade
Enzyme Activity ↔️ Acts as a cofactor
Chloride ions help maintain a stable pH in body
fluids
What is the name of the active transport mechanism that exchanges 3 Na+ ions out of the cell for 2 K+ ions into the cell?
Sodium-potassium pump
Passive transport requires energy input from the cell.
False
The sodium-potassium pump exchanges 3 Na+ ions out of the cell for 2 K+ ions into the
cell
Passive transport involves the movement of ions without energy input down their concentration
gradient
Match the transport mechanism with its description:
Passive Transport ↔️ Ions move down their concentration gradient without energy input
Active Transport ↔️ Ions are pumped against their concentration gradient, requiring ATP
Inorganic ion transport is essential for processes like
nerve impulse
transmission.
True
Inorganic ions play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis.
True
Magnesium ions are essential for
chlorophyll
structure.
True
Sodium ions regulate water balance through the process of
osmosis
Potassium ions, like sodium ions, help regulate water
balance
Calcium ions are a primary component of bones and
teeth
What is calcium necessary for in blood clotting?
Blood coagulation
Calcium plays a more structural and regulatory role compared to sodium and potassium in bone and muscle functions.
True
Calcium ions initiate muscle contraction by binding to regulatory
proteins
Phosphate ions are part of the structural backbone of
DNA
See all 135 cards
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