2.7 Applications of conservation laws

• Conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system is conserved.


  True
• In a closed system, the total momentum is the sum of the momenta of all objects
• The total energy of a closed system remains constant, even when energy is transformed between forms.


  True
• In an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved
• In nuclear reactions, energy is conserved according to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence.


  True
• The binding energy of helium is higher than the combined binding energy of two deuterium nuclei, resulting in a mass defect.
• In nuclear reactions, energy is conserved according to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence.

  True
• In nuclear reactions, binding energy and mass defect play crucial roles
• What is the formula for momentum?

  p = mv
• Energy can be transformed between different forms, but the total energy remains constant.


  True
• What type of collision conserves kinetic energy?

  Elastic collision
• In an inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved.


  True
• The mass defect in helium results from the conversion of binding energy into heat and kinetic energy.
• What forms of energy is $\Delta E$ released as in nuclear reactions?


  Heat and kinetic energy
• In nuclear reactions, energy is conserved according to Einstein's mass-energy equivalence, which is expressed as $E =$$mc^{2}$
• In collisions, kinetic energy may be conserved in elastic collisions.
• Match the context with its key characteristics:

  Nuclear Reactions ↔️ Mass converts to energy

  Collisions ↔️ Energy transfer between objects

  Chemical Reactions ↔️ No mass conversion occurs
• In collisions, mass remains constant regardless of energy transfer.


  True
• What is the mathematical expression for the conservation of energy?

  $\sum E_{i} =$$\sum E_{f}$
• State the conservation of momentum.

  Total momentum is conserved
• Define momentum in terms of mass and velocity.

  $p =$$mv$
• State the conservation of energy.

  Total energy is conserved
• Energy can be transformed between kinetic and potential energy, but the total energy remains constant
• Match the type of collision with its definition:

  Elastic Collision ↔️ Kinetic energy is conserved

  Inelastic Collision ↔️ Kinetic energy is not conserved
• Give an example of an inelastic collision.

  A car hitting a wall
• What is binding energy in nuclear reactions?

  Energy holding the nucleus
• The binding energy of helium is higher than the combined binding energy of two deuterium nuclei, resulting in a mass defect
• What happens to the mass defect in nuclear reactions?

  Converts to energy
• The total momentum of a closed system is conserved.

  True
• In a closed system, the total momentum is the sum of the momenta of all objects
• Order the steps for applying momentum conservation in collisions.

  1️⃣ Identify the closed system

  2️⃣ Calculate initial momentum

  3️⃣ Calculate final momentum

  4️⃣ Apply $\sum p_{i} =$$\sum p_{f}$

  5️⃣ Solve for unknown variables
• In an elastic collision, kinetic energy is conserved
• What is the relationship between binding energy and mass defect in nuclear reactions?

  Mass defect converts to binding energy
• Einstein's mass-energy equivalence is a key principle in nuclear reactions.


  True
• In nuclear reactions, mass can be converted to energy according to E = mc^{2}</latex>.


  True
• Why is the binding energy of helium higher than that of two deuterium nuclei?

  It results in a mass defect
• Chemical reactions involve mass conversion to energy.

  False
• What role does binding energy play in nuclear reactions?

  Holds the nucleus together
• The conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant.
• Ordering the conservation laws based on their key concepts:

  1️⃣ Conservation of Momentum

  2️⃣ Conservation of Energy

  3️⃣ Conservation of Charge