2.2.3 Blood

• Blood plays a role in both immune function and temperature regulation.


  True
• White blood cells are responsible for blood clotting.

  False
• Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood using the same mechanism as oxygen.

  False
• What protein in red blood cells is responsible for oxygen transport?

  Hemoglobin
• What role do platelets play in blood?

  Clotting
• Which function of blood involves the defense against infection?

  Immune function
• What is the role of red blood cells in oxygen transport?

  Carry oxygen
• Match the blood component with its role:

  Red blood cells ↔️ Carry oxygen

  White blood cells ↔️ Defend against infection

  Platelets ↔️ Help blood clot

  Plasma ↔️ Transport blood cells
• The main solvent in plasma is water
• What is the liquid component of blood called?

  Plasma
• Match the components of plasma with their functions:

  Water ↔️ Main solvent for transport

  Proteins ↔️ Immune responses, clotting, hormone transport

  Ions ↔️ Maintain pH and osmotic balance
• What are red blood cells also known as?

  Erythrocytes
• What is the shape of red blood cells?

  Biconcave disc
• Mature red blood cells lack a nucleus.

  True
• What is the main role of blood in the body?

  Transport, immune function, temperature regulation
• Match the blood components with their functions:

  White blood cells ↔️ Defend against infection

  Platelets ↔️ Help blood to clot

  Plasma ↔️ Transports blood cells and substances
• Blood plays a role in immune function and temperature regulation.
• Order the functions of blood in the body:

  1️⃣ Transport of oxygen

  2️⃣ Immune defense

  3️⃣ Temperature regulation
• Match the components of plasma with their functions:

  Proteins ↔️ Immune responses, clotting

  Ions ↔️ Maintain pH and osmotic balance

  Hormones ↔️ Signal body functions
• The shape of red blood cells is a biconcave disc.


  True
• Match the types of white blood cells with their functions:

  Neutrophils ↔️ Engulf and digest bacteria

  Lymphocytes ↔️ Recognize and destroy specific pathogens

  Monocytes ↔️ Develop into macrophages
• What is the function of lymphocytes in the immune system?

  Destroy specific pathogens
• Monocytes develop into macrophages, which engulf and digest pathogens and dead cells.
• White blood cells are essential for the body's immune defenses.


  True
• Platelets are small cell fragments without a nucleus that play a crucial role in blood clotting.
• Steps in the blood clotting process when blood vessels are damaged:

  1️⃣ Platelets aggregate

  2️⃣ Clotting factors are released

  3️⃣ A plug is formed to stop bleeding
• Mature red blood cells have a unique biconcave disc shape and lack a nucleus to maximize oxygen-carrying capacity.
• What are the three main forms in which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood?

  Dissolved, bicarbonate, bound
• The conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ions helps maintain the blood's pH balance.
• What are three primary substances transported by blood?

  Nutrients, oxygen, waste
• What percentage of blood volume is plasma?

  55%
• Match the component of plasma with its function:

  Water ↔️ Main solvent for transport

  Proteins ↔️ Immune responses, blood clotting

  Hormones ↔️ Signal body functions
• Nutrients in blood provide energy and building materials
• What do waste products in blood get transported for?

  Excretion
• Plasma constitutes about 55% of blood volume
• Water in plasma serves as the main solvent for transport.


  True
• Red blood cells have a unique biconcave disc shape
• What protein in red blood cells binds to oxygen?

  Hemoglobin
• White blood cells are essential for the immune system
• What substance is released by basophils during an immune response?

  Histamine