Changing relations

• The relationships between England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland have been evolving due to devolution and independence movements.
• Scottish Independence:

  • A referendum was held in 2014, with 55.3% voting to remain in the UK.
  • Calls for independence have continued, especially after Brexit, as 62% of Scots voted to remain in the EU.
• Arguments For and Against Scottish Independence (2014):

  For Independence:

  • Scottish citizens should decide their own future.
  • Scotland could manage its own taxes and spending.
  • Scotland could focus on its own issues and priorities.
  • No need to contribute to British wars or Trident.
  • Could attract younger migrants to boost the economy.
  • Could maintain a good relationship with the UK.
• Against Independence:

  • The UK has been a successful union for 300 years.
  • Being part of the UK allows access to the EU single market.
  • Businesses might move away due to financial uncertainty.
  • Scotland would need a new currency or continue using the pound.
  • The UK is a global power in organisations like NATO.
  • Security and stability are stronger within the UK.
• Wales:

  • Welsh Assembly created in 1998, with devolution expanding in 2011 to allow Wales to legislate in 20 areas.
  • Focused on culture, language, and heritage.
  • Welsh Language Measure 2011 ensured equal treatment of Welsh and English.
• Northern Ireland:

  • The Northern Ireland Assembly has been suspended five times due to political conflicts.
  • When suspended, power reverts to Westminster.
• Brexit:

  • Brexit may lead to further changes in UK relations.