Distillation

Cards (21)

  • What are the two types of distillation used to separate liquid mixtures?
    Simple distillation and fractional distillation
  • What is the purpose of simple distillation?
    To separate a liquid from a solution
  • How can simple distillation be used with seawater?
    To separate pure water from seawater
  • What equipment is used in simple distillation?
    A flask, thermometer, condenser, and heating device
  • Why is the flask sealed with a bung in simple distillation?
    To prevent gas from escaping
  • What is the function of the thermometer in simple distillation?
    To measure the temperature inside the flask
  • How does the condenser work in simple distillation?
    It cools and condenses vapor into liquid
  • What happens to the vapor in the condenser during simple distillation?
    It cools and condenses into liquid form
  • What is left in the flask after distilling seawater?
    Salt
  • What is the main technique used for separating mixtures of liquids?
    Fractional distillation
  • Why can't simple distillation separate liquids with similar boiling points?
    More than one liquid will evaporate
  • What is a key feature of the fractionating column in fractional distillation?
    It is filled with glass rods
  • How does the height of the fractionating column affect distillation?
    It is cooler at the top than the bottom
  • What temperature is used to evaporate methanol in fractional distillation?
    Around 65 degrees Celsius
  • What happens to ethanol and propanol in the fractionating column?
    They condense back into liquid form
  • What is the next step after collecting methanol in fractional distillation?
    Raise the temperature to 78 degrees Celsius
  • What can be assumed about the contents of the flask after collecting ethanol?
    It contains mostly pure propanol
  • What could be done to ensure only propanol is collected?
    Raise the temperature to boil off propanol
  • What color are methanol, ethanol, and propanol in real life?
    Colorless
  • Why are the liquids shown as green in the video?
    To make it easier to follow along
  • How does fractional distillation improve separation compared to simple distillation?
    It allows separation of liquids with similar boiling points