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GCSE
Chemistry paper 1
Distillation
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Created by
Mabli Collyer
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Cards (21)
What are the two types of distillation used to separate liquid mixtures?
Simple distillation
and
fractional distillation
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What is the purpose of simple distillation?
To separate a
liquid
from a
solution
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How can simple distillation be used with seawater?
To
separate
pure
water
from
seawater
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What equipment is used in simple distillation?
A
flask
,
thermometer
,
condenser
, and
heating device
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Why is the flask sealed with a bung in simple distillation?
To prevent
gas
from
escaping
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What is the function of the thermometer in simple distillation?
To measure the
temperature
inside the
flask
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How does the condenser work in simple distillation?
It cools and condenses
vapor
into liquid
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What happens to the vapor in the condenser during simple distillation?
It cools and
condenses
into
liquid
form
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What is left in the flask after distilling seawater?
Salt
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What is the main technique used for separating mixtures of liquids?
Fractional distillation
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Why can't simple distillation separate liquids with similar boiling points?
More than one liquid will
evaporate
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What is a key feature of the fractionating column in fractional distillation?
It is filled with
glass rods
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How does the height of the fractionating column affect distillation?
It is
cooler
at the
top
than the
bottom
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What temperature is used to evaporate methanol in fractional distillation?
Around
65 degrees Celsius
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What happens to ethanol and propanol in the fractionating column?
They
condense
back into liquid form
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What is the next step after collecting methanol in fractional distillation?
Raise the temperature to
78 degrees Celsius
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What can be assumed about the contents of the flask after collecting ethanol?
It contains mostly pure
propanol
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What could be done to ensure only propanol is collected?
Raise the
temperature
to boil off propanol
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What color are methanol, ethanol, and propanol in real life?
Colorless
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Why are the liquids shown as green in the video?
To make it
easier
to
follow
along
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How does fractional distillation improve separation compared to simple distillation?
It allows separation of liquids with similar
boiling points
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