Observation involves examining the culture for colonies and growth characteristics.
True
The purpose of incubation is to facilitate optimal microbial growth
What is the study of microscopic organisms called?
Microbiology
Microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa play crucial roles in human health, disease, and industries such as food production, medicine, and biotechnology
What are the three main types of microorganisms?
Bacteria, fungi, viruses
Bacteria are prokaryotic, single-celled organisms.
True
What type of organisms are fungi?
Eukaryotic, multicellular
Viruses are non-living infectious agents that require a host cell to reproduce
Sterilization involves the complete elimination of all microorganisms, including spores.
True
Steps in inoculation and culturing microorganisms:
1️⃣ Inoculation
2️⃣ Incubation
3️⃣ Observation
Match the step in culturing microorganisms with its purpose:
Inoculation ↔️ Start microbial growth
Incubation ↔️ Facilitate optimal growth
Observation ↔️ Identify and analyze microorganisms
What are the four main types of microorganisms studied in microbiology?
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
Fungi are eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms
Aseptic techniques are used to prevent contamination by pathogenic microorganisms.
True
Sterilization involves the complete elimination of all microorganisms, including spores
Arrange the three steps of inoculation and culturing of microorganisms in the correct order:
1️⃣ Inoculation
2️⃣ Incubation
3️⃣ Observation
Microscopy, staining, and culturing are methods used to observe and identify microorganisms.
True
What type of staining technique differentiates bacteria based on their cell wall composition?
Gram staining
Which method for calculating microbial populations counts both live and dead cells?
Direct count
Match the microbial counting method with its characteristic:
Direct count ↔️ Counts live and dead cells
Serial dilution and plate counting ↔️ Estimates viable cells only
Factors affecting microbial growth include temperature, pH, oxygen availability, and nutrients
High temperatures denature enzymes, while low temperatures slow metabolism
Match the oxygen requirement with the type of organism:
Aerobes ↔️ Require oxygen
Anaerobes ↔️ Grow without oxygen
What are the key fields where microbiology plays a significant role?
Health, disease, industries
What are the three main types of microorganisms?
Bacteria, fungi, viruses
Fungi are eukaryotic and include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms
Arrange the following aseptic techniques in order from most to least rigorous:
1️⃣ Sterilization
2️⃣ Disinfection
3️⃣ Antisepsis
4️⃣ Sanitation
Disinfection reduces the number of microorganisms to a safe level.
True
Match the aseptic technique with its example:
Sterilization ↔️ Sterilizing surgical instruments
Disinfection ↔️ Cleaning lab benches
Antisepsis ↔️ Washing hands with antibacterial soap
Sanitation ↔️ Sanitizing restaurant tables
Visual inspection is a key technique in the observation step.
True
Match the steps of microbial culturing with their descriptions:
Inoculation ↔️ Introducing microorganisms into a growth medium
Incubation ↔️ Placing inoculated medium in an incubator
Observation ↔️ Examining culture for colonies
Selective media promotes growth of certain microbes while inhibiting others
What does the catalase test detect?
Catalase enzyme
Steps involved in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
1️⃣ Amplification of DNA sequences
2️⃣ Analysis of amplified DNA
Molecular techniques aid in medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and industrial biotechnology
Light microscopy provides higher resolution than electron microscopy.
False
Match the microbial observation methods with their descriptions:
Microscopy ↔️ Allows visualization of microorganisms
Staining techniques ↔️ Enhances visibility of microorganisms
Culturing techniques ↔️ Grows microorganisms in specific media
Biochemical tests ↔️ Identifies microbes based on metabolic capabilities
Molecular techniques ↔️ Analyzes microbial DNA
What is used to count cells directly in a direct count method?