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AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based
Unit 8: Fluids
8.2 Fluid Dynamics
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In fluid statics, the fluid is stationary, while in
fluid dynamics
, the fluid is in motion.
True
Match the primary concepts with their corresponding branch of fluid mechanics:
Fluid Statics ↔️ Pressure, Buoyancy
Fluid Dynamics ↔️ Flow rate, Velocity, Pressure
What is an example of an application of fluid dynamics?
Aerodynamics
The formula for pressure is
P
=
P =
P
=
F
A
\frac{F}{A}
A
F
, where F is the force and A is the area
The formula for flow rate is
Q
=
Q =
Q
=
A
V
AV
A
V
, where A is the area and V is the velocity.
True
Match the fluid mechanics concepts with their definitions and formulas:
Pressure ↔️ Force per unit area;
P
=
P =
P
=
F
A
\frac{F}{A}
A
F
Flow Rate ↔️ Volume of fluid per unit time;
Q
=
Q =
Q
=
A
V
AV
A
V
Continuity Equation ↔️ Flow rate remains constant;
A
1
V
1
=
A_{1}V_{1} =
A
1
V
1
=
A
2
V
2
A_{2}V_{2}
A
2
V
2
In fluid dynamics, the primary concepts are flow rate, velocity, and
pressure
Flow rate is measured in cubic meters per
second
The continuity equation states that the flow rate remains constant along a tube with varying cross-sectional
areas
Match the variables in the continuity equation with their meanings:
\(A_1\) ↔️ Area at point 1
\(V_1\) ↔️ Velocity at point 1
\(A_2\) ↔️ Area at point 2
\(V_2\) ↔️ Velocity at point 2
What is the formula for pressure?
P = \frac{F}{A}</latex>
The continuity equation applies when the flow rate remains
constant
\(\rho\) in
Bernoulli's
equation represents the density of the fluid.
True
What is the focus of Bernoulli's principle?
Pressure, velocity, height
What is the formula for shear stress in viscous fluids?
τ
=
\tau =
τ
=
η
d
v
d
y
\eta \frac{dv}{dy}
η
d
y
d
v
The primary focus of fluid statics is on fluids that are
stationary
What are the units for pressure?
Pascals (Pa)
What is the formula for pressure in fluid dynamics?
P
=
P =
P
=
F
A
\frac{F}{A}
A
F
What is the formula for flow rate in fluid dynamics?
Q
=
Q =
Q
=
A
V
AV
A
V
The continuity equation states that the flow rate remains
constant
in a tube with varying areas.
True
What does Bernoulli's principle state about fluid pressure and velocity?
Increase in velocity decreases pressure
The viscosity of a fluid decreases with increasing
temperature
.
True
What is the relationship between shear stress and shear rate in viscous fluids?
τ
=
\tau =
τ
=
η
d
v
d
y
\eta \frac{dv}{dy}
η
d
y
d
v
What characterizes turbulent flow in fluids?
Irregular mixing and chaotic motion
What is the formula for the Reynolds number?
ℜ
=
\Re =
ℜ
=
ρ
v
d
η
\frac{\rho v d}{\eta}
η
ρ
v
d
What is fluid dynamics the study of?
Fluids in motion
Fluid dynamics considers concepts such as flow rate, velocity, and
pressure
Pascal's law and Archimedes' principle are key equations in
fluid
statics.
Pressure in fluids is the force per
unit
area.
True
What does flow rate measure in fluids?
Volume per unit time
The continuity equation states that the flow rate remains constant along a tube with varying cross-sectional
areas
What are the primary concepts analyzed in fluid dynamics?
Flow rate, Velocity, Pressure
The continuity equation implies that the flow rate is the same at two
different
points in a tube with varying areas.
True
What is the formula for flow rate?
Q
=
Q =
Q
=
A
V
AV
A
V
The formula for the continuity equation is A_{1}V_{1} =
A_{2}V_{2}
</latex>
True
Pressure is measured in pascals (Pa) or pounds per square
inch
Flow rate measures the volume of fluid passing through an area
per
unit time.
True
What does Bernoulli's principle state about fluid velocity and pressure?
Velocity increases, pressure decreases
In aerodynamics, Bernoulli's principle explains how airflow over an airplane wing creates
lift
Ideal fluids have zero
viscosity
See all 52 cards
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