5.3 Theories of Education

• Functionalist theory views education as a means of transmitting norms and values
• Match the functionalist function with its description:

  Socialization ↔️ Transmitting societal norms and values

  Skills Development ↔️ Preparing students for the workforce

  Social Stratification ↔️ Sorting individuals into social roles
• Social stratification in education, according to functionalists, ensures a stable social hierarchy
• Order the key functions of education according to functionalist theory:

  1️⃣ Socialization

  2️⃣ Skills Development

  3️⃣ Social Stratification
• Functionalist theory argues that education fosters a sense of shared identity by transmitting societal norms and values
• What is the Marxist view of education?

  Reproduce social inequalities
• The Marxist perspective contrasts with the functionalist view of education.

  True
• What is the role of education in transmitting norms and values according to functionalist theory?

  Internalize societal expectations
• What does functionalist theory emphasize as the primary outcome of education?

  Social cohesion and stability
• Education transmits norms and values to students, helping them internalize societal expectations
• What is the role of education in skills development according to functionalist theory?

  Prepares students for careers
• Match the key functions of functionalist theory with their examples:

  Socialization ↔️ Teaching respect for authority

  Skills Development ↔️ Learning computer skills

  Social Stratification ↔️ Academic tracking leading to different careers
• What is the Marxist perspective on the role of education in society?

  Maintains capitalist power
• Education reproduces social inequalities by privileging the knowledge and culture of the dominant class
• Marxists believe education legitimizes the existing social order by presenting it as natural and inevitable.

  True
• What does the interactionist theory emphasize in education?

  Classroom interactions
• The interactionist theory focuses on macro-level structures rather than micro-level interactions.

  False
• Match the theory with its focus and key concepts:

  Functionalist ↔️ Social order and stability ||| Socialization, skills development, social stratification

  Marxist ↔️ Capitalist power structures ||| Reproduction of inequalities, legitimizing the system, perpetuating class divisions

  Interactionist ↔️ Micro-level interactions ||| Classroom interactions, teacher expectations, student identity
• Steps in how classroom interactions and labeling influence student outcomes according to interactionist theory:

  1️⃣ Classroom interactions shape student learning

  2️⃣ Teacher expectations lead to self-fulfilling prophecies

  3️⃣ Student labeling creates stereotypes
• Compared to macro-level structures, interactionism focuses on micro-level interactions
• What is the focus of functionalist theory in education?

  Social cohesion and stability
• Marxist theory emphasizes social reproduction and inequality within education.


  True
• What is one of the primary goals of education according to the functionalist theory?

  Internalizing societal expectations
• Which sociological theory views education as a crucial institution for social cohesion and stability?

  Functionalist
• Education transmits norms and values to students, helping them internalize societal expectations
• Match the key functions of education with their examples according to the functionalist theory:

  Socialization ↔️ Teaching respect for authority

  Skills Development ↔️ Learning computer skills

  Social Stratification ↔️ Academic tracking leading to careers
• The Marxist theory argues that education reproduces social inequalities.


  True
• Which sociological theory contrasts with the Marxist perspective on education by emphasizing social cohesion and stability?

  Functionalist
• The Marxist perspective views education as a primary tool for social reproduction
• Arrange the key functions of education according to the functionalist theory in their order of importance:

  1️⃣ Socialization

  2️⃣ Skills Development

  3️⃣ Social Stratification
• Match the sociological theory with its focus:

  Functionalist ↔️ Social order and stability

  Marxist ↔️ Capitalist power structures

  Interactionist ↔️ Micro-level interactions
• What does the interactionist theory emphasize regarding education?

  Classroom interactions and teacher expectations
• Interactionism focuses on the macro-level functions of education.

  False
• Classroom interactions influence student learning and behavior
• What can teacher expectations create according to the interactionist theory?

  Self-fulfilling prophecies
• Arrange the key concepts of the interactionist theory in education:

  1️⃣ Classroom interactions

  2️⃣ Teacher expectations

  3️⃣ Student labeling
• The Marxist theory highlights how education perpetuates class divisions
• The interactionist perspective examines micro-level dynamics within classrooms.


  True
• What does functionalist theory emphasize regarding education?

  Social cohesion and stability
• Functionalist theory views education as a tool for social division.

  False