P6.2 Uses and Hazards

• What is radioactivity defined as?

  Spontaneous emission of radiation
• What type of particle is a beta particle?

  High-speed electron
• Cobalt-60 is used in industrial sterilization and cancer treatment.


  True
• In what device is Americium-241 commonly used?

  Smoke detectors
• In which fields are radioactive isotopes commonly used?

  Medicine, archaeology, and industry
• Shielding with dense materials like lead is a protective measure against radiation exposure.


  True
• Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons.

  True
• Match the radioactive isotope with its primary application:

  Cobalt-60 ↔️ Cancer treatment

  Iodine-131 ↔️ Thyroid disorders

  Technetium-99m ↔️ Medical imaging

  Americium-241 ↔️ Smoke detectors
• Radioactive materials emit ionizing radiation, which can damage living cells and DNA
• Arrange the safety measures for handling radioactive materials in order of priority:

  1️⃣ Shielding

  2️⃣ Time limitation

  3️⃣ Distance maintenance

  4️⃣ Proper handling and disposal
• Radioactivity occurs when unstable nuclei emit radiation to achieve a more stable state
• Gamma particles are electromagnetic waves with no charge
• What is Iodine-131 commonly used to diagnose and treat?

  Thyroid disorders
• Uranium-235 is used as fuel in nuclear weapons and power plants.


  True
• Radioactive materials emit ionizing radiation, which can damage living cells and DNA
• To minimize radiation exposure, it is important to limit the time spent near radioactive sources
• What is the charge of a beta particle?

  -1
• Uranium-235 is used as fuel in nuclear power plants.

  True
• What is the term for the health condition caused by acute radiation exposure?

  Radiation sickness
• Alpha particles are helium nuclei with a charge of +2.


  True
• Arrange the following isotopes in order of their common uses:

  1️⃣ Cobalt-60 (Co-60) in cancer treatment

  2️⃣ Iodine-131 (I-131) to diagnose thyroid disorders

  3️⃣ Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) in medical imaging

  4️⃣ Uranium-235 (U-235) as fuel in nuclear power plants
• Technetium-99m is widely used in medical imaging
• Match the type of emission with its properties:

  Alpha ↔️ Helium nucleus with low penetration

  Beta ↔️ High-speed electron with medium penetration

  Gamma ↔️ Electromagnetic wave with high penetration
• What are the symptoms of acute radiation exposure?

  Nausea, hair loss, organ damage
• Radioactivity is the spontaneous emission of radiation from unstable nuclei
• Gamma radiation is an example of an electromagnetic wave
• Which radioactive isotope is used in radiocarbon dating?

  Carbon-14
• Shielding with dense materials like lead helps minimize radiation exposure.


  True