14.1 Wave Properties

• What is a wave defined as?

  A disturbance that transfers energy
• The frequency of a wave is measured in hertz.


  True
• In a longitudinal wave, oscillations are parallel to the direction of propagation
• What is the direction of oscillation in a longitudinal wave relative to its propagation?

  Parallel
• The equation relating wave speed, wavelength, and frequency is v = λf
• What is the unit of frequency?

  Hertz
• The oscillations in a transverse wave are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
• What is the unit of frequency?

  Hertz
• Order the steps to define the wave parameters:

  1️⃣ Define amplitude

  2️⃣ Define wavelength

  3️⃣ Define frequency

  4️⃣ Define period
• If a wave has a wavelength of 2 meters and a frequency of 5 Hz, its wave speed is 10 m/s.

  True
• Constructive interference occurs when the crests of two waves line up, resulting in increased amplitude.
• What are the two factors that determine the degree of diffraction of a wave?

  Wavelength and obstacle size
• Wave diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or edges.
• The degree of diffraction depends on the wavelength of the wave and the size of the obstacle or opening
• Match the property of diffraction with the type of wave:

  More pronounced diffraction ↔️ Long wavelength waves

  Less pronounced diffraction ↔️ Short wavelength waves
• The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection
• What is an example of diffuse reflection?

  Reflection from paper
• Snell's Law relates the refractive indices of two media to the angles of incidence and refraction.


  True
• When light passes from air to water at an incidence angle of 30°, the angle of refraction is approximately 22.08°
• The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz).


  True
• Wave speed is directly proportional to both wavelength and frequency.


  True
• Constructive interference occurs when waves interfere in a way that increases the amplitude
• Constructive interference occurs when the crests of waves line up to increase the amplitude of the resulting wave


  True
• Match the type of interference with its wave alignment:

  Constructive Interference ↔️ Crests line up

  Destructive Interference ↔️ Crest and trough line up
• If two waves with amplitudes of 3 meters each constructively interfere, the resulting wave has an amplitude of 6 meters
• Wave diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or edges
• Match the wave property with its diffraction characteristic:

  Long Wavelength Waves ↔️ More pronounced diffraction

  Short Wavelength Waves ↔️ Less pronounced diffraction
• Wave reflection occurs when a wave encounters a boundary and bounces back into the original medium
• Match the type of reflection with its surface characteristic:

  Regular Reflection ↔️ Smooth surface

  Diffuse Reflection ↔️ Rough surface
• Snell's Law relates the refractive indices of two media to the angles of incidence and refraction


  True
• Match the medium with its refractive index:

  Vacuum ↔️ 1.0

  Water ↔️ 1.33

  Diamond ↔️ 2.42
• Light bends towards the normal when it enters a denser medium during refraction


  True
• The wavelength of a wave is measured in meters
• Give an example of a transverse wave.

  Light
• The oscillation direction in a transverse wave is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.

  True
• Match the wave property with its description:

  Amplitude ↔️ Maximum displacement from equilibrium

  Wavelength ↔️ Distance between two consecutive crests

  Frequency ↔️ Number of oscillations per second

  Period ↔️ Time for one complete oscillation
• Wave speed is directly proportional to both wavelength and frequency.

  True
• What is the direction of oscillation in a longitudinal wave relative to the direction of wave propagation?

  Parallel
• Match the type of wave with an example:

  Transverse Wave ↔️ Electromagnetic Wave

  Longitudinal Wave ↔️ Sound Wave
• In a transverse wave, the particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.


  True