7.1.1 Endocrine System

• The endocrine system targets widespread tissues in the body.


  True
• The endocrine system and nervous system both use chemical signals to coordinate the body.

  True
• The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain
• The pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands and regulates growth
• Which gland controls blood glucose levels?

  Pancreas
• Match the endocrine gland with its location:

  Pituitary ↔️ Base of brain

  Thyroid ↔️ Neck

  Adrenal ↔️ Above kidneys

  Pancreas ↔️ Abdomen

  Ovaries ↔️ Pelvis

  Testes ↔️ Scrotum
• The endocrine system enables widespread regulation of bodily functions.
• Major endocrine glands secrete hormones that play crucial roles in bodily processes and functions.
• What carries hormones through the body?

  Bloodstream
• Hormones are synthesized by endocrine glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas.


  True
• Binding to receptors triggers a cellular response
• Match the hormone with its example:

  Steroid hormones ↔️ Cortisol, Testosterone, Estrogen

  Non-steroid hormones ↔️ Insulin, Glucagon, Adrenaline
• The nervous system has a faster response time compared to the endocrine
• Match the gland with its location:

  Pituitary ↔️ Base of brain

  Thyroid ↔️ Neck

  Adrenal ↔️ Above kidneys

  Pancreas ↔️ Abdomen

  Ovaries ↔️ Pelvis

  Testes ↔️ Scrotum
• Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol
• What are three examples of steroid hormones?

  Cortisol, Testosterone, Estrogen
• Steps in the mechanism of hormone action:

  1️⃣ Hormone Production

  2️⃣ Transport in Bloodstream

  3️⃣ Binding to Receptors

  4️⃣ Signal Transduction

  5️⃣ Feedback Loop
• Signal transduction pathways activate enzymes or regulate gene expression after hormone-receptor binding.


  True
• Negative feedback in hormonal control helps maintain homeostasis in the body.
• Match the gland with its associated hormone in the thyroid system:

  Pituitary Gland ↔️ TSH

  Thyroid Gland ↔️ T4, T3
• The nervous system uses electrical impulses to transmit signals.


  True
• Match the endocrine gland with its location:

  Pituitary ↔️ Brain

  Thyroid ↔️ Neck

  Adrenal ↔️ Kidneys

  Pancreas ↔️ Abdomen

  Ovaries ↔️ Pelvis

  Testes ↔️ Scrotum
• Order the steps in comparing the endocrine and nervous systems:

  1️⃣ Compare signaling methods

  2️⃣ Compare speed of response

  3️⃣ Compare targeted tissues

  4️⃣ Compare examples of each system
• The testes in males secrete testosterone
• What hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?

  Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3)
• The testes regulate male reproductive functions by secreting testosterone
• The nervous system uses electrical impulses as its signaling method.


  True
• The pituitary gland produces TSH.


  True
• The adrenal glands manage stress response and regulate blood pressure.
• Match the hormone with its gland of origin:

  Growth hormone ↔️ Pituitary

  Thyroxine (T4) ↔️ Thyroid

  Cortisol ↔️ Adrenal

  Insulin ↔️ Pancreas

  Estrogen ↔️ Ovaries

  Testosterone ↔️ Testes
• Hormones bind to specific receptors on target cells.
• Hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream
• Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble and derived from cholesterol.


  True
• Feedback loops control the release of hormones
• Match the system with its example:

  Endocrine System ↔️ Thyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas

  Nervous System ↔️ Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves
• Each major endocrine gland secretes hormones that play crucial roles in bodily functions.


  True
• Non-steroid hormones are water-soluble and derived from amino acids.


  True
• Steroid hormones bind to intracellular receptors to influence gene expression.
• What are three examples of endocrine glands that produce hormones?

  Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal
• Steps in a negative feedback loop for hormonal control:

  1️⃣ Hormone secretion by an endocrine gland

  2️⃣ Hormone triggers response in target tissues

  3️⃣ Response inhibits further hormone release