Decreasing Pre-load

• Reduce pre-load:

  • diuretics e.g. furosemide
  • angiotensin receptors blockers (ARBs) e.g. valsartan, losartan
  • ACE inhibitors reduce aldosterone production e.g. captopril, ramipril, lisinopril
  • selective aldosterone receptor blockers (SARAs) e.g. eplerenone, spironolactone
  • SGLT2 inhibitors (gliflozins) e.g. canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin
  • venodilators e.g. long acting nitrates