Castles: Form and Function c.1000–1750

• The bailey in a motte-and-bailey castle housed the castle's buildings and garrison.


  True
• Match the defensive feature of a medieval castle with its purpose:

  High Curtain Walls ↔️ Strong barrier against invaders

  Towers ↔️ Observation and defensive attacks

  Fortified Gatehouses ↔️ Controlled access to the castle

  Wide Moats ↔️ Hindered attackers from reaching walls
• The feudal system was a key feature of castles during the period c.1000-1500
• What was the primary design of medieval castles that emerged in the 11th century?

  Motte-and-bailey
• Curtain walls were thick, high stone walls that surrounded the castle.


  True
• The primary function of medieval castles was to provide defense
• Steps to describe the defensive features of a medieval castle:

  1️⃣ High curtain walls provide a strong barrier

  2️⃣ Towers allow guards to watch for enemies

  3️⃣ Fortified gatehouses control access

  4️⃣ Wide moats hinder attackers
• To understand castles from c.1000-1750, it is important to consider the **historicalcontext
• Arrange the key periods in chronological order to understand the historical context of castles from c.1000-1750.

  1️⃣ c.1000-1500: Feudal system with warfare and defense

  2️⃣ c.1500-1750: Decline of feudalism and domestic use of castles
• During the period c.1000-1500, castles served as centers of power and administration under the feudal system.


  True
• The social, political, and military realities of c.1000-1750 influenced the form and function of castles.


  True
• Match the architectural feature of a medieval castle with its purpose:

  Motte ↔️ Defensive position with a tower

  Bailey ↔️ Enclosed courtyard for buildings

  Curtain Wall ↔️ Thick wall surrounding the castle

  Gatehouse ↔️ Fortified entrance to control access
• What is the purpose of a moat in a medieval castle?

  To hinder attackers
• During the period c.1000-1500, castles were centers of power and administration under the feudal system.


  True
• What was the primary function of castles during the period c.1500-1750?

  Domestic and residential
• The motte in a motte-and-bailey castle was a large, artificial mound of earth used as a defensive position
• Match the architectural feature with its purpose:

  Curtain Wall ↔️ Provides a strong barrier

  Gatehouse ↔️ Controls access to the castle

  Towers ↔️ Allows guards to watch for enemies

  Moat ↔️ Hinders attackers
• How did towers contribute to the defense of medieval castles?

  Allowed guards to watch for enemies
• What were the secondary functions of medieval castles in addition to defense?

  Administration and residential
• Match the function of a castle with its purpose:

  Administrative ↔️ Legal, political, and economic matters

  Residential ↔️ Living quarters for the lord
• The residential aspects of castles increased in prominence as the military threat decreased.


  True
• Medieval castles adapted their form to accommodate secondary administrative and residential functions.


  True
• Castles provided secure storage for documents, valuables, and supplies.


  True
• What was the primary driver for the increased emphasis on residential functions in castle design?

  Decreased military threat
• Order the changes in medieval castle design from c.1000-1750 based on the provided time periods.

  1️⃣ Motte-and-bailey layout with emphasis on military strength (c.1000-1500)

  2️⃣ Decline of motte-and-bailey design with increased domestic focus (c.1500-1750)
• Castles served as fortified defensive structures and centers of power and authority
• Castles were designed with features like curtain walls and towers to defend against attack.

  True
• What was the primary function of castles during the period from c.1000-1500?

  Military defense
• From c.1500-1750, castles shifted from military to more domestic functions due to the decline of feudalism
• The form of medieval castles was primarily defined by the motte-and-bailey design, which emerged in the 11th century.
• A motte is a large, artificial mound of earth with a wooden or stone tower on top to provide a defensive position.
• The primary function of medieval castles was defense.
• What were the two significant periods in the historical context of castles from c.1000-1750?

  c.1000-1500 and c.1500-1750
• Understanding the historical context is essential for appreciating the form and function of castles.


  True
• What was the purpose of the bailey in a motte-and-bailey castle?

  Enclosed courtyard for buildings
• What dual purpose did the motte-and-bailey design serve for medieval lords?

  Military strength and administration
• Fortified gatehouses were built to control access to medieval castles.


  True
• Castles served as the centers of power and authority for medieval lords, housing their courts
• The form of medieval castles adapted to accommodate secondary administrative and residential functions.

  True
• Castles served as the court for legal, political, and economic matters