2.5 Pacifism

• Match the type of pacifism with its belief:

  Absolute pacifism ↔️ Violence is always wrong

  Conditional pacifism ↔️ Violence is justified in certain situations

  Strategic pacifism ↔️ Non-violence is most effective for peace
• Order the pacifist interpretations of violent Biblical passages:

  1️⃣ Warfare in the Old Testament is a reflection of ancient societal norms

  2️⃣ Jesus' actions at the Temple were symbolic rather than violent

  3️⃣ Apocalyptic imagery depicts the triumph of good over evil
• What is the central idea of Just War Theory?

  War can be justified
• Proportionality in Just War Theory requires the benefits of war to outweigh the likely harm and destruction caused.

  True
• The Right Intention criterion in Just War Theory allows for wars pursued for self-interest or conquest.

  False
• Arrange the criteria of Just War Theory in a logical order.

  1️⃣ Just Cause

  2️⃣ Right Intention

  3️⃣ Proper Authority

  4️⃣ Proportionality

  5️⃣ Last Resort
• Strategic pacifists may consider violence as a last resort to achieve peace
• What is the emphasis of the Biblical foundations for pacifism?

  Peace and non-violence
• What is prophesied in Isaiah 2:4 regarding nations?

  Swords into plowshares
• Match the Biblical passage with its interpretation:

  Old Testament warfare ↔️ Reflection of ancient norms

  Jesus' Temple cleansing ↔️ Symbolic rather than violent

  Apocalyptic imagery ↔️ Metaphorical triumph of good
• The primary purpose of war in Just War Theory should be to address the just cause
• Pacifists believe conflicts should be resolved through non-violent means such as negotiation, mediation, and civil disobedience
• Which Biblical text supports pacifism by emphasizing loving one's enemies?

  Matthew 5:38-48
• Which Biblical prophecy speaks of nations turning swords into plowshares?

  Isaiah 2:4
• Jesus' actions at the Temple are viewed by pacifists as symbolic rather than violent.

  True
• According to Just War Theory, who must declare war?

  Legitimate political authorities
• What is the Just War Theory criterion of "Just Cause"?

  Grave injustice or threat
• What does the Proportionality criterion in Just War Theory emphasize?

  Benefits outweigh harm
• Conditional pacifists believe violence can be justified in self-defense.

  True
• Pacifists view Jesus' actions at the Temple as symbolic rather than violent
• Paul's teachings in Romans 12:17-21 advocate repaying evil with good and living at peace with everyone.


  True
• Jesus' actions at the Temple are interpreted as violent by pacifists.

  False
• Order the criteria for a just war according to Just War Theory:

  1️⃣ Just Cause

  2️⃣ Right Intention

  3️⃣ Proper Authority

  4️⃣ Proportionality

  5️⃣ Last Resort
• What do pacifists believe about war according to Just War Theory?

  All war is morally wrong
• Islam's teachings on peace coexist with military directives in the Quran.


  True
• The Black Lives Matter movement faced violence and negative media portrayal despite peaceful protests.


  True
• The US civil rights movement is an example of a successful pacifist movement.


  True
• What is the belief at the core of pacifism?

  Violence and war are wrong
• Absolute pacifists believe violence is never acceptable.


  True
• Romans 12:17-21 instructs followers to repay evil with good
• Pacifists interpret warfare in the Old Testament as divine endorsement of violence.

  False
• War must be in response to a grave injustice or threat, such as aggression or genocide
• Just War Theory contrasts with the pacifist view that violence is always morally wrong
• According to Just War Theory, only legitimate political or military authorities can declare war
• Absolute pacifists believe violence is always wrong
• The Old Testament accounts of warfare and conquest are interpreted by pacifists as divine endorsement of violence.

  False
• Jesus' teachings on turning the other cheek are found in Matthew
• Warfare in the Old Testament is seen as reflecting ancient societal norms
• What does Just War Theory contrast with?

  Pacifism
• War as a last resort means all non-violent options must be exhausted.


  True