6.3.2 Non-Communicable Diseases

• NCDs are diseases that are typically chronic and long-lasting
• Unlike communicable diseases, NCDs are often linked to genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors
• Chronic respiratory diseases are long-term diseases of the airways and other lung structures
• Exposure to pollutants or toxins is an example of an environmental factor
• The causes and risk factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) can be categorized as genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral
• NCDs like cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes can lead to disability, reduced mobility, and premature death
• NCDs are diseases that are not transmitted from person to person
• Match the NCD type with its description:

  Cardiovascular Diseases ↔️ Diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels

  Cancers ↔️ Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

  Chronic Respiratory Diseases ↔️ Long-term diseases of the airways

  Diabetes ↔️ A metabolic disorder with high blood sugar
• What are the chronic conditions associated with NCDs that can lead to premature death?

  Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes
• NCDs are chronic and long-lasting conditions that can lead to disability and premature death.

  True
• Medication is used in NCD management to control symptoms and slow disease progression.


  True
• Implementing both prevention and management strategies can reduce the impact of NCDs on health and wellbeing.


  True
• Communicable diseases are transmitted from person to person through various means.


  True
• NCDs are caused by pathogens like viruses or bacteria.

  False
• Order the four main types of NCDs based on their prevalence worldwide.

  1️⃣ Cardiovascular Diseases

  2️⃣ Cancers

  3️⃣ Chronic Respiratory Diseases

  4️⃣ Diabetes
• What is one example of a behavioral risk factor for NCDs?

  Tobacco Use
• An unhealthy diet high in fat, sugar, and salt is a risk factor for NCDs.


  True
• Match the type of NCD with its correct description:

  Cardiovascular Diseases ↔️ Affect the heart and blood vessels

  Cancers ↔️ Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

  Chronic Respiratory Diseases ↔️ Long-term diseases of the airways

  Diabetes ↔️ Metabolic disorder with high blood sugar
• Unhealthy diet is a risk factor for NCDs.


  True
• Genetic factors can contribute to the worsening of NCDs over time.


  True
• NCDs are often acute and short-term.

  False
• Cardiovascular diseases include conditions such as heart attacks and strokes
• What are the factors that contribute to NCDs and their complications?

  Genetic, physiological, environmental, behavioral
• Which diseases are examples of NCDs mentioned in the study material?

  Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes
• What type of therapy helps maintain function and mobility in NCD patients?

  Physical therapy
• Match the NCD monitoring method with its description:

  Population Surveys ↔️ Collect self-reported data

  Disease Registries ↔️ Track incidence and prevalence

  Health System Data ↔️ Collect data from healthcare providers
• What does NCD stand for?

  Non-Communicable Diseases
• Give an example of a communicable disease.

  Influenza
• Which type of NCD affects the heart and blood vessels?

  Cardiovascular Diseases
• Genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors can interact to increase the risk of developing chronic NCDs
• What is one physiological risk factor for NCDs?

  Physical Inactivity
• What are the four major chronic NCDs mentioned in the study material?

  Cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes
• What is the primary behavioral factor that increases the risk of NCDs?

  Tobacco use
• What does the acronym NCD stand for?

  Non-Communicable Diseases
• Give an example of a communicable disease.

  Influenza
• Genetic factors are the only cause of NCDs.

  False
• Communicable diseases are often caused by pathogens
• Adopting a healthy lifestyle includes engaging in regular physical activity
• Lifestyle adjustments for NCDs include dietary changes and stress management
• What type of data is used to track deaths caused by NCDs?

  Mortality data