3.5.4.2 Patterns and Trends in Crime

    Cards (39)

    • Trends in crime refer to changes in the level or nature of crime over time.

      True
    • What is one major source of crime data that includes statistics on arrests, prosecutions, convictions, and sentencing?
      Criminal justice system data
    • What is the impact of policing and law enforcement on reported crime rates?
      Reduces violent crime
    • What does the term "geographical variations" in crime refer to?
      Differences in crime patterns
    • What type of crime is more prevalent in affluent suburban areas?
      Property crime
    • Trends in crime refer to changes in the level or nature of crime over time
    • Victim surveys ask people about their experiences of crime, including unreported incidents
    • Comparing different time periods in crime data highlights changes in crime rates
    • Areas with higher poverty, unemployment, and inequality tend to have higher crime rates
    • Match the area with its typical crime type:
      Inner-city neighborhoods ↔️ Violent crime
      Affluent suburban areas ↔️ Property crime
    • What type of crime is more likely to occur due to the lack of capable guardians?
      Property crime
    • What is one limitation of police-recorded crime statistics?
      May underestimate true extent
    • Arrange the following data sources by their primary focus:
      1️⃣ Police-recorded crime statistics
      2️⃣ Victim surveys
      3️⃣ Self-report studies
      4️⃣ Criminal justice system data
      5️⃣ Victimization surveys
    • What are patterns in crime defined as?
      Recurring characteristics of crime
    • One trend in crime is increases or decreases in overall crime rates.
    • Geographical variations in crime rates can be influenced by socioeconomic conditions and demographic composition.

      True
    • Violent crime is more common in affluent suburban areas than inner-city neighborhoods.
      False
    • Differences in policing tactics do not affect reported crime rates.
      False
    • Match the crime patterns with their descriptions:
      Victim profiles ↔️ Groups more likely to be victims of crime
      Offender profiles ↔️ Characteristics of individuals likely to commit crimes
      Crime locations ↔️ Areas where certain crimes are more frequent
      Crime types ↔️ Categories of crime that occur more often
    • What is a "victim profile" in the context of crime patterns?
      Groups likely to be victims
    • What type of graph is commonly used to analyze crime rates over time?
      Line graph
    • What are geographical variations in crime?
      Differences in crime patterns
    • What is one example of an opportunity structure that enables crime?
      Lack of capable guardians
    • Locations with certain ethnic/racial makeups may experience more crime due to social marginalization
    • Violent crime, particularly gun violence, has increased in certain areas.

      True
    • Self-report studies may be biased due to social desirability and limited samples
    • Match the source of crime data with its description:
      Police-recorded crime statistics ↔️ Data collected by the police on reported and recorded crimes
      Victim surveys ↔️ Surveys asking people about their experiences of crime, including unreported crimes
      Self-report studies ↔️ Surveys where people admit to committing crimes, even if they were not caught
    • Steps to analyze crime rates over time:
      1️⃣ Use line graphs and tables to visualize trends
      2️⃣ Plot years on the x-axis and crime rates on the y-axis
      3️⃣ Observe whether the rate generally increases, decreases, or remains stable
      4️⃣ Identify peaks and dips in the data
      5️⃣ Compare different years or time periods to highlight changes
    • The availability of targets and lack of capable guardians contribute to opportunity structures
    • Areas with higher poverty and inequality tend to have higher crime rates
    • Order the factors contributing to crime patterns based on their primary focus.
      1️⃣ Socioeconomic conditions
      2️⃣ Demographic composition
      3️⃣ Policing and law enforcement
      4️⃣ Opportunity structures
    • An increase in overall crime rates over time is an example of a crime trend.

      True
    • Police-recorded crime statistics include unreported crimes.
      False
    • Socioeconomic conditions are a primary factor contributing to geographical variations in crime.
      True
    • Locations with larger youth populations may experience more crime due to social marginalization.

      True
    • Socioeconomic conditions contribute to crime because individuals may turn to it out of economic necessity.

      True
    • Property crime has seen an overall decrease but a shift towards more cybercrime and fraud
    • Victim surveys provide data on unreported crimes but may suffer from recall bias.
      True
    • Why is a combination of crime data sources necessary for a comprehensive understanding?
      Each source has strengths
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