8.4 Molecular Structure of Acids and Bases

Cards (25)

  • What is an Arrhenius acid defined as?
    Increases H+ concentration
  • What is a Brønsted-Lowry acid defined as?
    Proton donor
  • Match the theory with its acid definition:
    Arrhenius ↔️ Increases H+ concentration in water
    Brønsted-Lowry ↔️ Donates a proton
  • In the reaction of BF3 and NH3, BF3 acts as the Lewis acid.
    True
  • The Lewis theory expands the definitions of acids and bases beyond just proton transfer
  • The Lewis theory is the most general, encompassing both Arrhenius and Brønsted-Lowry definitions
  • The functional groups in acids are able to donate protons
  • Which type of base increases hydroxide ion concentration in water?
    Arrhenius base
  • Which atom, when present in a molecule, can increase acid strength due to its electronegativity?
    Fluorine
  • An example of an Arrhenius acid is HCl
  • A Brønsted-Lowry base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton
  • What is a Lewis acid defined as?
    Electron pair acceptor
  • Match the theory with its base definition:
    Arrhenius ↔️ Increases OH- concentration in water
    Brønsted-Lowry ↔️ Accepts a proton
    Lewis ↔️ Donates an electron pair
  • A Lewis acid is a substance that accepts an electron pair.

    True
  • A Lewis base is a substance that donates an electron pair.

    True
  • Match the functional group with its example:
    Carboxyl group ↔️ Acetic acid
    Sulfonic acid group ↔️ Sulfuric acid
    Phosphoric acid group ↔️ Phosphoric acid
  • The molecular structure of an acid or base determines its strength
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is an Arrhenius acid because it increases the concentration of H+ ions in water.

    True
  • In the reaction of HCl and H2O, HCl acts as a Brønsted-Lowry acid.

    True
  • A Lewis base is defined as a substance that donates an electron pair
  • Arrange the theories from most specific to most general:
    1️⃣ Arrhenius
    2️⃣ Brønsted-Lowry
    3️⃣ Lewis
  • Match the acid-base theory with its acid definition:
    Arrhenius ↔️ Increases H+ concentration in water
    Brønsted-Lowry ↔️ Donates a proton (H+)
    Lewis ↔️ Accepts an electron pair
  • What functional group is found in acetic acid?
    Carboxyl group
  • The molecular structure of bases typically includes the hydroxyl and amino
  • Resonance stabilization makes acids weaker.
    True