6.3.2 Aging Population and Demographic Shifts

• China's aging population is accompanied by a decrease in birth rates and an increase in average age.


  True
• Match the time period with its aging rate in China:

  1980 ↔️ Low

  2020 ↔️ Moderate

  2050 (Projected) ↔️ High
• Order the following time periods based on their population in China from smallest to largest (in billions):

  1️⃣ 1980

  2️⃣ 2020

  3️⃣ 2050 (Projected)
• Match the policy area with an example policy to address demographic challenges in China:

  Labor Force Participation ↔️ Incentives for older workers

  Pension and Retirement Systems ↔️ Raising retirement age

  Healthcare and Social Services ↔️ Expanding elderly care facilities
• Raising the retirement age is one example of a policy related to pension and retirement systems.
• What is the projected average age in China by 2050?

  48
• By 2050, China's urbanization rate is projected to reach 80%.
• Policies addressing an aging population aim to ensure financial sustainability of pension systems.


  True
• A labor shortage due to an aging population can lead to lower economic growth
• Match the policy area with an example policy:

  Labor Force Participation ↔️ Incentives for older workers

  Pension and Retirement Systems ↔️ Raising retirement age

  Healthcare and Social Services ↔️ Expanding elderly care facilities
• Social isolation in the elderly can lead to feelings of loneliness
• Order the aims of policies addressing the social implications of an aging population:

  1️⃣ Alleviate the burden on family caregivers

  2️⃣ Reduce social isolation

  3️⃣ Ensure integration and support within the community
• Intergenerational engagement fosters mutual understanding between younger and older generations.

  True
• An aging population is characterized by an increase in the proportion of older people and a decrease in younger individuals due to lower birth rates and increased life expectancy.
• Demographic shifts are influenced by population growth, aging rate, and urbanization.
• In 1980, China's birth rate was 18 per 1000.


  True
• An aging population leads to higher healthcare costs due to specialized geriatric services.

  True
• Government policies regarding demographics aim to maintain a productive workforce and ensure financial sustainability of pension systems.


  True
• What is an "aging population"?

  Increase in older individuals
• Demographic shifts are influenced by factors such as population growth, aging rate, and urbanization.


  True
• What is one economic consequence of a labor shortage caused by an aging population?

  Lower productivity
• Order the following economic challenges of an aging population from most direct to indirect:

  1️⃣ Labor Shortage

  2️⃣ Lower Economic Growth

  3️⃣ Reduced Competitiveness
• Rising pension costs are a challenge for governments due to an aging population.

  True
• Order the aims of government policies addressing an aging population:

  1️⃣ Maintain a productive workforce

  2️⃣ Ensure financial sustainability of pension systems

  3️⃣ Provide adequate healthcare and social support
• Increasing funding for home-based care is a government policy to address social isolation in the elderly.


  True
• What cultural adaptation may families need to make to support elderly relatives?

  Adjust caregiving roles
• Why is it important to recognize the economic and social contributions of the elderly?

  Integrate them into the community
• Order the following time periods based on their average age in China from youngest to oldest:

  1️⃣ 1980

  2️⃣ 2020

  3️⃣ 2050 (Projected)
• Order the following time periods based on their urbanization rate in China from lowest to highest:

  1️⃣ 1980

  2️⃣ 2020

  3️⃣ 2050 (Projected)
• Demographic shifts in China are influenced by population growth, aging rate, and urbanization.
• A labor shortage caused by an aging population can lead to lower productivity and reduced economic growth.
• What are the primary goals of government policies addressing an aging population?

  Productive workforce, financial sustainability, healthcare support
• In 1980, China's birth rate was 18 per 1000, but by 2020 it decreased to 12 per 1000.
• What was the urbanization rate in China in 1980?

  20%
• Increased social isolation and higher elderly poverty are consequences of reduced family caregiving.
• What is a key economic impact of an aging population related to the labor force?

  Labor shortage
• Why do healthcare expenditures increase with an aging population?

  Healthcare needs rise
• What is one social implication of family caregiving in an aging population?

  Social isolation
• Match the policy area with an example policy for social implications of aging:

  Elderly Care Support ↔️ Expanding elderly care facilities

  Social Integration ↔️ Promoting intergenerational programs
• Changing social norms can emphasize the elderly's wisdom and experience