2.3 The Just War Theory

• What does the Just War Theory outline?

  When war is morally permissible
• War can only be declared by a legitimate political authority according to the Proper Authority principle.


  True
• What does the Proportionality principle in Jus in bello emphasize?

  Avoiding unnecessary destruction
• What is the primary intention required for war under the Right Intention principle of Jus ad bellum?

  Achieve justice
• Match the aspect with its corresponding principle in either the Just War Theory or Christian Pacifism:

  Morality of War ↔️ Just War Theory: Can be morally permissible ||| Christian Pacifism: Always morally wrong

  Violence ↔️ Just War Theory: Sometimes necessary ||| Christian Pacifism: Never justified

  Self-Defense ↔️ Just War Theory: Justifiable ||| Christian Pacifism: Not justifiable
• Christian pacifism allows for self-defense using violence

  False
• Principles of Jus ad Bellum in the Just War Theory

  1️⃣ Just Cause

  2️⃣ Right Intention

  3️⃣ Proper Authority

  4️⃣ Last Resort

  5️⃣ Probability of Success

  6️⃣ Proportionality
• The Jus in Bello principles govern how wars should be conducted
• The Jus ad Bellum principles focus on justifying the decision to go to war
• The Just War Theory remains influential despite ongoing debates about its relevance
• The Jus ad Bellum principle of last resort requires all peaceful alternatives to be exhausted
• The war must be fought to correct a grave wrong or defend against aggression
• All peaceful alternatives must be exhausted before war is initiated, according to the principle of last resort.
• What does 'jus in bello' govern in the Just War Theory?

  Right conduct in war
• The use of force must be proportional to military necessity to avoid unnecessary suffering
• Match the aspects of the Just War Theory and Christian pacifism:

  Morality of War ↔️ War can be morally permissible

  Violence ↔️ Sometimes necessary to correct wrongs

  Self-Defense ↔️ Justifiable
• Which principles of the Just War Theory determine when resorting to military force is justified?

  Jus ad bellum
• Combatants must distinguish between soldiers and civilians
• The principle of discrimination requires combatants to distinguish between soldiers and civilians
• Match the key concepts with the corresponding principles:

  Just cause ↔️ Jus ad Bellum

  Discrimination ↔️ Jus in Bello
• Christian pacifism rejects the use of violence entirely.


  True
• What is one criticism of the Just War Theory?

  Western-centric
• What is one key difference between the Just War Theory and Christian pacifism regarding the morality of war?

  War is always morally wrong
• What is the primary purpose of the Just Cause principle in Jus ad bellum?

  Correct a grave wrong
• The Jus in bello principles govern how wars should be fought
• New Testament teachings emphasize love and peace, supporting Christian pacifism.


  True
• What does the Proportionality principle in Jus in bello aim to avoid?

  Unnecessary destruction
• What is the Christian pacifist view on war?

  War is always morally wrong
• A legitimate political authority must declare war under the Just War Theory


  True
• The principle of proportionality in Jus in Bello requires avoiding unnecessary destruction or suffering


  True
• What are three principles of the Just War Theory that are frequently invoked in debates over military action?

  Just cause, right intention, proportionality
• What does the Jus ad Bellum principle of just cause require for a war to be justified?

  Correct a grave wrong
• What does 'jus ad bellum' refer to in the Just War Theory?

  Right to go to war
• Who must declare war according to the principle of 'proper authority'?

  Legitimate political authority
• The anticipated benefits of war must outweigh the expected harms to comply with 'proportionality'.

  True
• What must combatants distinguish between according to the principle of 'discrimination'?

  Soldiers and civilians
• What does Christian pacifism say about violence in resolving conflicts?

  Violence is never justified
• The Just War Theory finds scriptural basis in the Old Testament
• Which principles govern how wars should be fought in the Just War Theory?

  Jus in bello
• What do the Jus in Bello principles of the Just War Theory govern?

  How wars should be fought