2.3.4 Lateralisation of Function in the Brain

• The specialization of each hemisphere for specific cognitive functions is known as lateralisation
• The left hemisphere specializes in the processing and production of language
• What are the main functions localized in the right hemisphere?

  Spatial reasoning, emotion, art
• What anatomical structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain?

  Corpus callosum
• What are the main functions localized in the right hemisphere of the brain?

  Spatial reasoning, emotional understanding, artistic expression
• The corpus callosum allows for communication and integration between the two hemispheres of the brain.


  True
• Neuroimaging studies have shown increased activity in the left hemisphere during language tasks and in the right hemisphere during spatial reasoning
• Why do women tend to have less lateralization of language functions compared to men?

  Larger corpus callosum
• For what type of thinking is the left hemisphere crucial?

  Logical reasoning
• The left hemisphere is responsible for processing both written and spoken language.


  True
• The right hemisphere is primarily responsible for emotional understanding.

  True
• What are two everyday behaviors that rely on the division of cognitive labor between the left and right hemispheres?

  Multitasking, efficient task completion
• Women tend to have less lateralisation for language compared to men
• The division of cognitive labor has conferred significant evolutionary benefits
• Lateralisation allows the brain to perform multiple complex functions simultaneously.

  True
• Which cognitive ability does the left hemisphere use to solve problems and make inferences?

  Logical reasoning
• The right hemisphere specializes in tasks like recognizing facial expressions
• The corpus callosum allows for communication and integration between the hemispheres.
• Match each hemisphere with its primary functions:

  Left Hemisphere ↔️ Language, logical reasoning, analytical thinking

  Right Hemisphere ↔️ Spatial reasoning, emotional understanding, artistic expression
• How does the left hemisphere's specialization in language impact everyday behavior?

  Facilitates reading and writing
• Order the following types of research evidence supporting lateralization:

  1️⃣ Split-brain studies

  2️⃣ Neuroimaging studies

  3️⃣ Lesion studies
• The left hemisphere primarily manages language, logical reasoning, and analytical thinking
• What type of thinking does the left hemisphere excel at?

  Analytical thinking
• What is an example of a task that relies on the left hemisphere's logical reasoning abilities?

  Solving math problems
• What are three main functions localized in the right hemisphere?

  Spatial reasoning, emotional understanding, artistic expression
• Split-brain studies demonstrate that severing the corpus callosum disrupts communication between the hemispheres.

  True
• About 10% of left-handed individuals have language dominance in the right hemisphere.

  True
• What does 'lateralisation of function' in the brain refer to?

  Specialization of each hemisphere
• What are the main functions localized in the left hemisphere?

  Language, logic, analytical thinking
• The left hemisphere is primarily responsible for verbal tasks.


  True
• The right hemisphere is primarily responsible for visual-spatial processing.


  True
• Damage to the corpus callosum can result in a split-brain condition.


  True
• The right hemisphere is responsible for tasks like visual-spatial processing, recognizing facial expressions
• Split-brain studies demonstrate the specialized functions of each hemisphere by showing the effects of severing the corpus callosum.


  True
• Match the hemisphere dominance for language processing with its approximate percentage in the population:

  Left Hemisphere ↔️ 90% (Right-handed)

  Right Hemisphere ↔️ 10% (Left-handed)

  Bilateral ↔️ 2% (Right-handed)
• The left hemisphere specializes in the processing and production of speech and writing.

  True
• The left hemisphere focuses on verbal, logical, and analytical
• Analytical thinking involves breaking down complex information into smaller, more manageable parts
• The corpus callosum allows communication and integration
• What brain imaging techniques have confirmed lateralization of brain functions?

  fMRI and PET scans