Substance dualism is the view that the mind and body are distinct and separate substances
The immaterial mind in substance dualism is believed to be located in physical space
The key idea of substance dualism is that the mind and body are separate entities that interact with each other but have very different properties
According to substance dualism, the mind is indivisible.
True
Substance dualism emphasizes the distinction between the mind and body.
True
Match the property with the correct substance in Descartes' dualism:
Material, extended ↔️ Physical Body
Immaterial, non-extended ↔️ Immaterial Mind
In substance dualism, the physical body is considered material and extended.
True
Substance dualism contrasts with monist theories that see the mind and body as a single substance.
Descartes believed the mind and body interact despite being distinct substances.
True
The zombie argument suggests that a being can lack consciousness despite being physically identical to a conscious human.
True
What is the core idea of substance dualism?
Mind and body are separate
Match the property with its corresponding entity according to substance dualism:
Physical Body ↔️ Occupies space
Immaterial Mind ↔️ Not located in physical space
Who significantly developed substance dualism?
Rene Descartes
One argument against substance dualism is the interaction problem, which questions how an immaterial mind can causally interact with the physical body.
Monism maintains causal closure by seeing mental states as determined by prior physical states.
True
Substance dualists believe the mind and body can interact despite being fundamentally different substances.
True
What religious belief aligns with substance dualism?
Immaterial soul
Consciousness and subjective experience cannot be fully explained or reduced to just physical properties.
The zombie argument suggests that a physical duplicate can lack conscious experience.
What is the explanatory gap in substance dualism?
The connection between mind and brain
Who pioneered substance dualism?
Rene Descartes
What is one major critique of substance dualism?
The mind-body interaction
Arguments for substance dualism include religious beliefs, the irreducibility of consciousness, the existence of free will, and thought experiments like the zombie argument.
The mind and body interact in substance dualism but have different properties.
True
What type of theory contrasts with substance dualism?
Monism
Descartes believed the mind and body interact despite their separate properties.
True
What is the interaction problem in substance dualism?
How mind and body interact
What is the key difference between substance dualism and property dualism?
Separate vs. single substance
Who is considered the key developer of substance dualism?
Rene Descartes
Substance dualism suggests consciousness cannot be fully reduced to physical properties.
True
Substance dualism aligns with the idea of a separate, immaterial soul.
True
Match the dualist theory with its definition:
Substance Dualism ↔️ The mind and body are distinct substances
Property Dualism ↔️ The mind and body are a single substance with different properties
Attribute Dualism ↔️ The mind and body are a single substance with different attributes
Descartes' dualism introduced the "mind-body problem."
The mind in substance dualism can causally influence the body.
True
Rene Descartes is considered the key developer of substance dualism
Arguments for substance dualism include religious beliefs, the irreducibility of consciousness, the existence of free will, and thought experiments like the zombie argument.
Match the argument for substance dualism with its summary:
Religious beliefs ↔️ Soul exists separately
Irreducibility of consciousness ↔️ Cannot be explained by physical properties
Existence of free will ↔️ Mind controls actions freely
Zombie argument ↔️ Lacks consciousness despite identical body
According to substance dualism, the physical body is material and extended whereas the mind is immaterial and non-physical.
In substance dualism, the physical body is material and extended, while the immaterial mind is non-extended.
Match the argument for substance dualism with its contrast to monism:
Religious beliefs ↔️ Monism denies a distinct soul
Irreducibility of consciousness ↔️ Consciousness from physical processes
Existence of free will ↔️ Monism implies determinism