2.3.1 Historical Development of English

• Arrange the main periods of English in chronological order:

  1️⃣ Old English

  2️⃣ Middle English

  3️⃣ Early Modern English

  4️⃣ Modern English
• Early Modern English saw the standardization of spelling and grammar
• The Great Vowel Shift was a significant change in the sound system of Old English.
• The Middle English period saw a simplification of grammar compared to Old English.

  True
• The Middle English period (1150-1500 CE) saw several key changes compared to the earlier Old English period.
• Middle English saw a vocabulary expansion with loanwords from French after the Norman Conquest.
• The introduction of printing technology during the Early Modern English period led to increased standardization of the language.
• What language heavily influenced the vocabulary of Old English due to Scandinavian invasions?

  Old Norse
• What was the time period of Middle English?

  1150-1500 CE
• During Early Modern English, spelling and grammar were standardized with the emergence of the first dictionaries and grammars
• The grammar and spelling of Late Modern English are relatively stable compared to earlier periods.


  True
• Old English had a complex grammatical system with four cases and three genders.


  True
• Compared to Old English, Middle English grammar became significantly more simplified.
• The Norman Conquest led to the simplification of grammar
• The Great Vowel Shift was part of the evolution of the Old English sound
• What was a key development in Early Modern English regarding spelling and grammar?

  Standardization
• The vocabulary of Middle English expanded with many French loanwords.
• Old English had a complex grammatical system with four cases.


  True
• What major sound change occurred in English pronunciation during its historical development?

  Great Vowel Shift
• Old English was heavily influenced by Old Norse due to Scandinavian invasions.

  True
• What is a key feature of Modern English grammar compared to earlier periods?

  Relatively stable
• Which period of English saw the simplification of grammar and the loss of cases?

  Middle English
• The Middle English vocabulary expanded significantly with loanwords from Norman French.
• The Old English vocabulary was heavily influenced by Norman French after the Norman Conquest.

  False
• Chronological order of the major periods in the development of English

  1️⃣ Old English

  2️⃣ Middle English

  3️⃣ Early Modern English

  4️⃣ Modern English
• Middle English was heavily influenced by Germanic languages brought by Anglo-Saxon invaders.

  False
• Match the feature with its significance in Early Modern English:

  Dictionaries and grammars ↔️ Standardized spelling and grammar

  Loanwords from Latin and Greek ↔️ Vocabulary expansion
• Which language heavily influenced Old English vocabulary?

  Old Norse
• What grammatical feature was lost in Middle English due to Norman French influence?

  Cases
• What was the time period of Old English?

  450-1150 CE
• Which language heavily influenced the vocabulary of Old English due to Scandinavian invasions?

  Old Norse
• What was the major influence on Middle English grammar after the Norman Conquest?

  Norman French
• The grammar and spelling of Late Modern English are relatively stable compared to earlier periods.

  True
• Match the period of English with its primary vocabulary influence:

  Old English ↔️ Old Norse

  Middle English ↔️ Norman French

  Early Modern English ↔️ Latin and Greek

  Late Modern English ↔️ Hindi, Chinese, Arabic
• Match the period of English with its example phrase:

  Proto-Germanic ↔️ hæftan gōdan mann

  Old English ↔️ hæftan gōd mann

  Middle English ↔️ hæfden gōd man

  Early Modern English ↔️ have a good man
• How many main periods can the historical development of English be divided into?

  Four
• What major event influenced Middle English after the Norman Conquest?

  Norman French
• During what period was the vocabulary of English heavily influenced by Old Norse?

  Old English
• The emergence of dictionaries and grammars was a key feature of Early Modern English.


  True
• What two significant changes occurred in the sound system of Old English from Proto-Germanic?

  Great Vowel Shift, palatalization