4.2 Electoral Systems

• Match the electoral system with its key features:

  Majoritarian ↔️ Single-member districts

  Proportional ↔️ Multi-member districts

  Mixed ↔️ Combines single and multi-member districts
• Steps in combining majoritarian and proportional methods in mixed systems:

  1️⃣ Allocate seats through single-member districts

  2️⃣ Allocate seats through multi-member districts

  3️⃣ Combine results from both methods
• Proportional representation utilizes multi-member districts
• What is a common disadvantage of proportional representation systems?

  Unstable governments
• In majoritarian systems, candidates or parties win seats based on receiving the most votes
• Majoritarian systems use either plurality or majority
• Proportional Representation (PR) systems allocate seats based on national vote share


  True
• Match the country with its PR system example:

  Spain ↔️ Party-list PR

  Germany ↔️ Mixed-member proportional
• What do voters rank in the single transferable vote system?

  Candidates
• What can the choice of electoral system significantly impact in a country?

  Political outcomes
• Which country uses the "First-past-the-post" system?

  UK
• Mixed electoral systems combine majoritarian and proportional methods.


  True
• Match the electoral system characteristic with its description:

  Single-member districts ↔️ Creates clear majority winners

  Multi-member districts ↔️ Ensures proportional representation
• Proportional systems allocate seats based on a party's national vote share


  True
• Proportional Representation (PR) systems ensure fair representation through multi-member districts


  True
• PR systems use multi-member districts to ensure fair representation
• Party-list PR allocates seats based on a party's share of the national vote

  True
• What type of districts do majoritarian systems use?

  Single-member districts
• What is a majoritarian electoral system?

  Most votes win seats
• Majority systems require a candidate to win over 50% of the vote to secure a seat.


  True
• Majoritarian systems ensure proportionate representation of smaller parties.

  False
• The choice of electoral system has no impact on political outcomes in a country.

  False
• Mixed systems combine elements of both majoritarian and proportional methods
• Match the electoral system with its advantage or disadvantage:

  Promotes fair representation ↔️ Advantage of PR

  Can lead to unstable governments ↔️ Disadvantage of PR

  Clear governing majorities ↔️ Advantage of majoritarian
• Order the types of proportional representation systems from most to least complex:

  1️⃣ Single transferable vote

  2️⃣ Mixed-member proportional

  3️⃣ Party-list PR
• In a majority system, a candidate must receive over 50% of the votes to win the seat.


  True
• Match the type of electoral system with its key feature:

  Proportional ↔️ Seats allocated based on overall vote share

  Majoritarian ↔️ Candidate with most votes in district wins
• Majoritarian systems can sometimes marginalize smaller parties and minority interests.


  True
• Electoral systems are the rules and procedures that govern how votes are cast and translated into seats
• Majoritarian electoral systems allocate seats based on proportional vote share.

  False
• Which country uses mixed-member proportional representation?

  Germany
• What are electoral systems designed to govern?

  Voting rules and procedures
• Match the electoral system with its key feature:

  Majoritarian ↔️ Single-member districts

  Proportional ↔️ Multi-member districts

  Mixed ↔️ Combination of districts
• What type of districts do mixed systems use?

  Both single-member and multi-member
• What is a potential disadvantage of PR systems?

  Unstable governments
• Mixed-member proportional systems combine majoritarian and proportional
• Majoritarian systems use either plurality or majority rule to win seats
• In a majoritarian system, voters in each district elect a single representative
• What is the "First-past-the-post" system used in the UK an example of?

  Majoritarian system
• What is an example of a majority system that uses a two-round run-off?

  France