4.1 Computer Components

• RAM provides short-term storage for currently running programs and data.


  True
• Application software relies on the operating system to access hardware resources.


  True
• Software components work independently of hardware components in a computer system.

  False
• The Central Processing Unit (CPU) performs calculations and manages data
• Match the software component with its purpose:

  Operating System ↔️ Manages hardware resources

  Application Software ↔️ Performs specific user tasks
• Random Access Memory (RAM) is volatile
• Match the hardware component with its purpose:

  RAM ↔️ Short-term storage

  Storage Devices ↔️ Long-term storage

  I/O Devices ↔️ User interaction
• ROM is non-volatile and retains data even without power.

  True
• ROM stores the computer's basic startup instructions, also known as the BIOS
• What type of storage medium do hard drives use?

  Magnetic disks
• SSDs are more durable than hard drives due to the absence of moving parts.


  True
• Match the component with its role and purpose:

  CPU ↔️ Executes instructions; Controls operations

  RAM ↔️ Short-term storage; Stores running programs

  Storage Devices ↔️ Long-term storage; Stores data permanently

  I/O Devices ↔️ User interaction; Allows input and output of data
• Match the software component with its role:

  Operating System ↔️ System software; Manages hardware and software

  Application Software ↔️ User software; Performs specific tasks
• Storage devices such as hard drives and SSDs provide short-term storage for data.

  False
• The Operating System (OS) provides a user interface for interacting with the computer.


  True
• ROM retains its data even when the computer is turned off.

  True
• What is the role of the Operating System (OS) in a computer system?

  Manages hardware resources
• What are the two main types of storage devices mentioned in the study material?

  Hard drives and SSDs
• RAM is volatile, meaning data is lost when power is turned off.


  True
• What is the primary purpose of input devices?

  Provide data to the computer
• The operating system handles system functions and supports the running of other programs
• Arrange the following network components in order of their primary role in data transmission:

  1️⃣ Routers

  2️⃣ Switches

  3️⃣ NICs

  4️⃣ Media
• Switches direct data to the correct device within a local network
• Match the network component with its role:

  Routers ↔️ Forward data packets between networks

  Switches ↔️ Connect devices within a local network

  Hubs ↔️ Broadcast data to all connected devices
• Match the software type with its purpose:

  Operating System ↔️ Manages hardware and software resources

  Application Software ↔️ Performs specific user tasks
• ROM is non-volatile and stores the computer's basic startup instructions.


  True
• A keyboard is an example of an input device
• The Operating System manages the hardware and software resources
• The two main software components of a computer system are the Operating System and Application Software
• Order the network components by their primary function in data transmission:

  1️⃣ Network Interface Card (NIC)

  2️⃣ Hub (obsolete)

  3️⃣ Switch

  4️⃣ Router
• RAM provides short-term storage for data and programs the CPU needs to access quickly
• What is the role of an operating system in a computer system?

  Manages hardware and software resources
• Switches efficiently direct data to the correct device within a local network.

  True
• Routers forward data packets between different networks
• Modems convert digital signals to analog signals for transmission over internet
• RAM stores currently running programs and data for quick access by the CPU.


  True
• RAM is volatile, meaning data is lost when the power is off
• Hard drives have faster access speeds compared to SSDs.

  False
• What is the purpose of application software?

  Perform specific user tasks
• What are three examples of operating systems?

  Windows, macOS, Linux