5.1 Transition Metals

• Where are transition metals located in the periodic table?

  d-block
• Transition metals often act as catalysts in chemical reactions.
• Transition metals are known for having complete d-orbitals.

  False
• What is the term for the number of ligands attached to a central metal ion in a coordination compound?

  Coordination number
• The number of ligands attached to the central metal is called the coordination
• What are the two primary mechanisms that enable transition metals to act as catalysts?

  Adsorption and oxidation states
• Transition metals are found in the d-block of the periodic table.


  True
• Why can transition metals form ions with multiple oxidation states?

  Electrons from multiple orbitals
• Match the exception with its electronic configuration:

  Chromium ↔️ [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹

  Copper ↔️ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
• Transition metals have high melting and boiling points due to strong metallic bonds.


  True
• Match the element with its electronic configuration:

  Chromium (Cr) ↔️ [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹

  Copper (Cu) ↔️ [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
• Arrange the steps in filling the d-orbitals of transition metals according to the Aufbau principle:

  1️⃣ Fill the s-orbitals first

  2️⃣ Begin filling the d-orbitals

  3️⃣ Account for exceptions like chromium
• Monodentate ligands attach to the central metal at only one point.


  True
• Coordination compounds have properties such as color and magnetic behavior.


  True
• Which transition metal is used as a catalyst in the Haber process?

  Iron
• Why do transition metals have high melting and boiling points?

  Strong metallic bonding
• The d-orbitals in transition metals are filled after the s-orbitals.


  True
• What are coordination compounds composed of?

  Transition metal and ligands
• Transition metals are effective catalysts due to their ability to bind reactants through adsorption
• Platinum is used in catalytic converters to reduce vehicle emissions
• What determines the characteristic color and specific magnetic behavior of coordination compounds?

  Electronic configurations
• Which transition metal is used in the Haber process for ammonia production?

  Iron
• Match the property with its description for transition metals:

  Melting and Boiling Points ↔️ High, require significant energy

  Hardness and Strength ↔️ Strong and hard structures

  Electrical and Thermal Conductivity ↔️ Good conductors due to free electrons
• Transition metals are less effective as catalysts compared to other metals.

  False
• Titanium is used in aerospace engineering due to its high strength and low density
• The combination of high strength, conductivity, and catalytic activity makes transition metals invaluable in numerous applications.


  True
• What is a characteristic feature of the oxidation states of transition metals?

  Variable oxidation states
• Arrange the transition metals in order of their increasing catalytic activity:

  1️⃣ Iron (Fe)

  2️⃣ Copper (Cu)

  3️⃣ Platinum (Pt)
• Match the transition metal with its catalytic ability:

  Iron ↔️ Moderate

  Copper ↔️ Low

  Platinum ↔️ High
• Why can transition metals form ions with multiple oxidation states?

  Electrons can be removed
• What principle governs the filling order of electrons in transition metals?

  Aufbau principle
• Coordination Chemistry deals with the formation and properties of coordination compounds.
• Coordination chemistry deals with the formation and properties of coordination
• Match the ligand type with its example:

  Monodentate ↔️ Water

  Polydentate ↔️ EDTA
• Platinum is used in catalytic converters to reduce vehicle emissions
• Transition metals are good conductors due to free electrons
• Chromium gains stability with a half-filled
• Adsorption by transition metals increases the concentration of reactants on their surface
• Transition metals can form multiple oxidation states, facilitating electron transfer processes in reactions.


  True
• Transition metals exhibit strong metallic bonding, which contributes to their high melting points.


  True