10.3 Capacitors

• What are common types of capacitors?

  Parallel-plate, cylindrical, spherical
• What are the connections to the conductive plates of a capacitor called?

  Terminals
• The dielectric in a capacitor prevents charges from recombining.

  True
• Increasing the plate area of a capacitor increases
• What is the formula for the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor?

  C = \frac{\epsilon_{0} \epsilon_{r} A}{d}</latex>
• The formula for parallel-plate capacitor capacitance is $C =$$\frac{\epsilon_{0} \epsilon_{r} A}{d}$
• The permittivity of free space is denoted by $\epsilon_{0}$
• Common types of capacitors include parallel-plate, cylindrical, and spherical
• The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is given by the formula $C =$$\frac{\epsilon_{0} \epsilon_{r} A}{d}$
• What are the units of relative permittivity?

  Dimensionless
• During the discharging process, the voltage across a capacitor decreases exponentially.


  True
• Match the parameter with its formula:

  Time Constant ↔️ $\tau =$$RC$

  Charging Voltage ↔️ $V(t) =$$V_{0}(1 - e^{ - t / \tau})$

  Discharging Current ↔️ $I(t) =$$- I_{0} e^{ - t / \tau}$
• Capacitance depends on plate area, plate separation, and dielectric properties.
• Increasing the plate area of a capacitor increases its capacitance.
• The permittivity of free space is approximately 8.854
• Higher capacitance allows more charge to be stored for a given voltage.


  True
• Capacitance decreases with greater plate separation.

  True
• The time constant for discharging a capacitor is calculated as τ = RC.

  True
• Increasing the voltage across a capacitor significantly amplifies the stored energy.


  True
• What is the definition of a capacitor?

  Stores electric charge
• The structure of a capacitor includes two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric.

  True
• How do capacitors store electrical energy?

  By separating charges
• Match the capacitor component with its description:

  Conductive Plates ↔️ Metal plates that accumulate charge

  Dielectric ↔️ Insulating material between plates

  Terminals ↔️ Connections to conductive plates
• Decreasing the plate separation of a capacitor increases
• In the capacitance formula, $C$ represents the capacitance in units of Farads
• Match the variable in the capacitance formula with its unit:

  C ↔️ Farads

  A ↔️ m^2

  d ↔️ m
• Higher capacitance allows more charge to be stored for a given voltage
• What is the value of the permittivity of free space in Farads per meter (F/m)?

  $8.854 \times 10^{ - 12}$
• What is the primary function of a capacitor?

  Store electrical charge
• What insulating material is used between the conductive plates of a capacitor?

  Dielectric
• Increasing the plate area or using a material with a higher dielectric constant increases capacitance.


  True
• The permittivity of free space is given by 8.854 x 10^-12 F/m.
• The separation between the plates of a capacitor is measured in meters.
• What is the formula for the time constant of a capacitor in an RC circuit?

  $\tau =$$RC$
• Capacitors store electrical charge using two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material.


  True
• Higher capacitance means a capacitor can store more charge at a given voltage.


  True
• List the factors affecting capacitance in order of their effect.

  1️⃣ Plate Area

  2️⃣ Plate Separation

  3️⃣ Dielectric Properties
• Higher capacitance allows more charge to be stored for a given voltage.


  True
• Match the variable with its unit:

  Capacitance ↔️ Farads

  Permittivity of Free Space ↔️ F/m

  Plate Area ↔️ m^2

  Plate Separation ↔️ m
• In a real-world scenario, the relative permittivity of a capacitor is 4, and its capacitance is nanofarads