6.3 The West and Its Peoples

• The climate of the geographic West ranges from arid deserts to temperate rainforests.


  True
• Order the causes of westward migration in the late 19th century from most to least significant:

  1️⃣ Economic Opportunities

  2️⃣ Land Acquisition

  3️⃣ Technological Advancements

  4️⃣ Escape from Crowded East
• What discovery in California in 1849 attracted prospectors during the Gold Rush?

  Gold
• The discovery of gold in California in 1849 during the Gold Rush attracted a massive influx of prospectors.Gold Rush
• Match the feature of the geographic West with its description:

  Topography ↔️ Includes Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Pacific Coast

  Climate ↔️ Ranges from arid deserts to temperate rainforests

  Natural Resources ↔️ Abundant in minerals, timber, and farmland
• Match the cause of westward migration with its description:

  Economic Opportunities ↔️ Promise of natural resources and prosperity

  Land Acquisition ↔️ The Homestead Act offered free or cheap land

  Technological Advancements ↔️ The Transcontinental Railroad made travel easier
• Order the major conflicts between settlers and Native Americans during westward expansion:

  1️⃣ Sand Creek Massacre

  2️⃣ Battle of Little Bighorn

  3️⃣ Wounded Knee Massacre
• Westward expansion led to the rapid deforestation of timber, over-hunting of wildlife, and mining of minerals, resulting in environmental degradation.
• Match the environmental impact with its description:

  Deforestation ↔️ Widespread clearing of timber

  Wildlife Depletion ↔️ Over-hunting of bison
• Westward expansion highlighted the need for sustainable resource management.


  True
• The geographic West played a minor role in the expansion of the United States.

  False
• The Apache tribe was driven off their lands due to military campaigns and government policies
• The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad made westward travel more affordable
• The Transcontinental Railroad made westward travel more affordable.


  True
• What was the outcome of the Sand Creek Massacre?

  Fueled further conflicts
• Which animal was nearly driven to extinction due to over-hunting during westward expansion?

  Bison
• Who was the Apache leader who led a prolonged guerrilla campaign against the U.S. government?

  Geronimo
• The geographic West includes topographic features such as the Rocky Mountains, the Great Plains, and the Pacific Coast.
• What role did the geographic West play in the late 19th century?

  Expansion and development
• The Navajo tribe was forced to relocate to Bosque Redondo after military campaigns.

  True
• Match the Native American tribe with its location and displacement cause:

  Sioux ↔️ Great Plains; Conflicts over land and buffalo

  Cheyenne ↔️ Great Plains; U.S. Army policies after conflicts

  Navajo ↔️ Southwest; Forced relocation to Bosque Redondo

  Apache ↔️ Southwest; Military campaigns and government policies
• The promise of abundant natural resources and fertile farmland in the West led to significant economic opportunities.
• The Transcontinental Railroad facilitated trade, transportation, and access to economic opportunities.
• The geographic West lies east of the Mississippi River.

  False
• The Sioux tribe was forced onto reservations due to conflicts over land and buffalo hunting.
• The Dawes Act aimed to control and assimilate Native Americans into American society.


  True
• At the Battle of Little Bighorn, the Sioux and Cheyenne forces defeated Custer's army.
• Match the environmental impact of westward expansion with its description:

  Deforestation ↔️ Clearing of timber for settlement and railroads

  Wildlife Depletion ↔️ Over-hunting of bison and other species
• Early conservation movements emerged to protect the nation's natural heritage
• What was one response to the environmental degradation caused by westward expansion?

  Conservation efforts
• What are three key topographical features of the geographic West?

  Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Pacific Coast
• What was one reason for the Sioux tribe's displacement from the Great Plains?

  Conflicts over land
• The Navajo tribe was forced to relocate to Bosque Redondo after military campaigns.


  True
• The Homestead Act offered free land to settlers willing to move west and cultivate it.


  True
• The Homestead Act offered settlers free or cheap land
• The Gold Rush in California attracted prospectors seeking fortune
• Match the Native American policy with its purpose:

  Dawes Act ↔️ Divided tribal lands into individual plots

  Reservation System ↔️ Confined Native Americans to specific areas

  Assimilation Efforts ↔️ Integrated Native Americans into American culture
• The Transcontinental Railroad significantly increased deforestation during westward expansion.

  True
• Frederick Jackson Turner's Frontier Thesis argued that the frontier shaped American democracy.


  True
• What river defines the eastern boundary of the geographic West?

  Mississippi River