3.2 Data Collection Techniques

• Corpus analysis involves the systematic analysis of large electronic databases of language
• Match the data collection technique with its description:

  Corpus Analysis ↔️ Systematic analysis of language databases

  Interviews ↔️ In-depth discussions for qualitative insights

  Questionnaires ↔️ Written surveys for quantitative data

  Observation ↔️ Detailed recording of language in context
• What is the purpose of observation in language investigations?

  Identify language patterns
• Why is careful sampling important in language investigations?

  Ensures data is representative
• What are the four main data collection methods used in language investigations?

  Surveys, interviews, observation, experiments
• What is the purpose of observation in language investigations?

  Identify language use patterns
• Common sampling techniques in language investigations

  1️⃣ Random Sampling

  2️⃣ Stratified Sampling

  3️⃣ Purposive Sampling

  4️⃣ Convenience Sampling
• Convenience sampling may introduce bias because participants are chosen based on accessibility.


  True
• Key steps in designing data collection instruments

  1️⃣ Define Objectives

  2️⃣ Question Formulation

  3️⃣ Response Formats

  4️⃣ Pilot Test

  5️⃣ Ensure Validity
• Match the data management technique with its purpose:

  Databases ↔️ Storing large volumes of structured data

  Spreadsheets ↔️ Organizing and analyzing tabular data

  File Directories ↔️ Categorizing and storing various data files

  Metadata ↔️ Documenting contextual information about data
• Proper data management ensures the integrity and traceability of the research process.

  True
• What is the primary purpose of data collection in language investigations?

  Gather evidence to analyze language
• Why is data collection necessary in language investigations?

  To understand language patterns
• Experiments in language investigations test hypotheses about specific language features.


  True
• In-depth discussions with individuals are known as interviews
• Surveys are used to collect quantitative data on language attitudes and usage
• Experiments in language investigations test hypotheses about specific language features
• Random sampling minimizes bias by randomly selecting participants from the target population
• When conducting language investigations, it is crucial to ensure informed consent
• What type of language should be used in questionnaires to avoid bias?

  Clear, unbiased language
• Databases are used to store structured language data for corpus analysis
• Observation in language investigations involves detailed recording of language use in natural settings.


  True
• Surveys in language investigations are used to collect quantitative data on language attitudes and usage
• Order the following sampling techniques from least to most biased:

  1️⃣ Random Sampling

  2️⃣ Stratified Sampling

  3️⃣ Purposive Sampling

  4️⃣ Convenience Sampling
• Match the data collection method with its purpose:

  Surveys ↔️ Collect quantitative data on attitudes

  Interviews ↔️ Gather qualitative insights into practices

  Observation ↔️ Observe real-time language interactions

  Experiments ↔️ Test hypotheses about language variables
• Interviews in language investigations are often unstructured or semi-structured to gather qualitative insights.


  True
• The choice of data collection method depends on the research questions and the types of data needed.


  True
• What does stratified sampling involve in language investigations?

  Dividing population into subgroups
• Why are ethical protocols more critical for observation studies in language research?

  Data is collected without direct consent
• A pilot test helps identify and fix issues in data collection instruments before full deployment.


  True
• What type of data is commonly organized and analyzed using spreadsheets in language investigations?

  Survey responses