1.4.1 Data types

• What do boolean data types represent?

  True or false values
• Strings are immutable in many programming languages.


  True
• Match the data type with its description:

  Integer ↔️ Whole numbers

  Float ↔️ Decimal numbers

  Character ↔️ Single letters or symbols

  Boolean ↔️ True or false values
• Primitive data types are the fundamental building blocks of data
• Data types determine the amount of memory required to store data.
• Data types determine the operations that can be performed on data and the memory required to store it.


  True
• A string data type stores a sequence of characters.


  True
• Composite data types are built from primitive data types.
• Signed integers can store both positive and negative numbers.
• A float data type uses 32 bits, while a double uses 64 bits.
• The range and precision of floating-point numbers depend on the number of bits used to represent them.


  True
• Match the floating-point data type with its description:

  Float ↔️ 32 bits, smaller range and precision

  Double ↔️ 64 bits, larger range and precision
• Character data types use encoding schemes like ASCII or Unicode
• A string data type is a sequence of characters
• What are examples of composite data types?

  arrays, structs, classes
• Match the signed integer type with its range:

  Signed 8-bit (char) ↔️ -128 to 127

  Signed 16-bit (short) ↔️ -32,768 to 32,767

  Signed 32-bit (int) ↔️ -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647

  Signed 64-bit (long long) ↔️ -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
• Floating-point data types have a sign, an exponent, and a mantissa
• The most common character data type is char
• What logical values do Boolean data types represent?

  True or false
• How is an element in an array accessed?

  Using an index
• Implicit conversion is automatically done by the compiler
• Type conversion is necessary to ensure data compatibility and control data precision
• Data type declaration is the process of specifying the type of data a variable can hold
• What are data types used to classify in programming?

  Variables
• The choice of data type affects the range of values that can be represented
• Primitive data types are the fundamental building blocks of data.
• Match the integer type with its range:

  `int` ↔️ -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647

  `long` ↔️ -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
• A float data type has higher precision than a double.

  False
• What are Boolean data types primarily used for in programming?

  Decision-making
• What are data types used for in computer science?

  Define type of data
• The choice of data type affects the range of values that can be represented.


  True
• Composite data types are built from primitive data types.


  True
• What is a data type in programming?

  Classifies data a variable can hold
• What type of data does an integer store?

  Whole numbers
• Arrange the following fundamental data types from least to most complex in terms of the data they store.

  1️⃣ Boolean

  2️⃣ Character

  3️⃣ Integer

  4️⃣ Float

  5️⃣ String
• Primitive data types have a fixed size in memory, while composite data types have a variable size.

  True
• Unsigned integers can only store non-negative numbers.

  True
• Doubles provide higher precision than floats because they use more bits.


  True
• What is the range of a 32-bit float data type?

  $\pm 3.4 \times 10^{\pm 38}$
• What is the most common character data type?

  char