4.3 Motivating employees

• Employee motivation is the internal drive and energy that prompts employees to perform their jobs effectively and achieve the organization's objectives
• Order the five levels of needs in Maslow's Hierarchy from lowest to highest.

  1️⃣ Physiological

  2️⃣ Safety

  3️⃣ Belonging

  4️⃣ Esteem

  5️⃣ Self-Actualization
• Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory states that motivators increase job satisfaction, while hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction.


  True
• Motivational theories provide frameworks for understanding what drives employees and how organizations can design effective motivation strategies.

  True
• According to Maslow, individuals are motivated to fulfill their needs in order, with higher-level needs only becoming motivating factors once the lower-level needs have been mostly satisfied
• Match the motivational theory with its key principle:

  Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs ↔️ Five levels of human needs

  Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory ↔️ Motivators and hygiene factors affect job satisfaction

  Expectancy Theory ↔️ Motivation depends on expectancy, instrumentality, and valence
• What are the two types of factors in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory?

  Motivators and hygiene factors
• What two factors are necessary for employees to be truly motivated according to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory?

  Hygiene and motivators
• Match the factor type with its impact:

  Motivators ↔️ Increase job satisfaction

  Hygiene Factors ↔️ Prevent job dissatisfaction
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs includes five levels: physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.


  True
• What is employee motivation defined as in this study material?

  Internal drive and energy
• A highly motivated workforce leads to improved job satisfaction and reduced turnover.

  True
• According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, higher-level needs can only be satisfied once lower-level needs are met
• What are the three key components of Vroom's Expectancy Theory?

  Expectancy, instrumentality, valence
• Order the levels of needs in Maslow's Hierarchy from most basic to most advanced.

  1️⃣ Physiological

  2️⃣ Safety

  3️⃣ Belonging

  4️⃣ Esteem

  5️⃣ Self-Actualization
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests that organizations should focus on higher-level motivators before addressing basic needs.

  False
• According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, humans are driven by five levels of needs
• In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, motivators lead to job satisfaction when present, while hygiene factors prevent job dissatisfaction
• Motivators in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory lead to job satisfaction and motivate employees when they are present
• What are the key outcomes of a highly motivated workforce?

  Productivity, engagement, satisfaction
• What is the first level of needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

  Physiological
• Hygiene factors in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory motivate employees when improved.

  False
• Goal-Setting Theory states that specific and challenging goals, accepted by employees, accompanied by regular feedback
• According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what is the highest-level need?

  Self-actualization
• Match the theory with its key principle:

  Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory ↔️ Motivators and hygiene factors

  Expectancy Theory ↔️ Effort leads to performance
• Expectancy Theory suggests that motivation depends on expectancy, instrumentality, and valence
• What does self-actualization mean according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

  Reaching one's full potential
• What are the benefits of a highly motivated workforce for an organization?

  Increased productivity, engagement, job satisfaction, reduced turnover
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests that individuals are motivated by their needs in a fixed and unchanging order.


  True
• Hygiene factors alone can motivate employees to perform better.

  False
• Hygiene factors in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory directly lead to job satisfaction.

  False
• The three key motivational theories include Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, and Expectancy Theory
• Order the levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs from lowest to highest:

  1️⃣ Physiological

  2️⃣ Safety

  3️⃣ Belonging

  4️⃣ Esteem

  5️⃣ Self-Actualization
• Match the principle of Vroom's Expectancy Theory with its description:

  Expectancy ↔️ Increased effort leads to better performance

  Instrumentality ↔️ Improved performance leads to rewards

  Valence ↔️ Rewards are valued by the employee
• Punishment in reinforcement theory always increases desired behavior.

  False
• How does the extinction theory align with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory?

  Fulfills esteem needs
• What is the principle of job enrichment in job design?

  Adding autonomy and responsibility
• Match the job design principle with its description:

  Job Enrichment ↔️ Adding depth and challenge

  Job Enlargement ↔️ Increasing the breadth of tasks

  Job Rotation ↔️ Periodically changing roles
• Reduced employee turnover is a positive outcome of high motivation.


  True
• Expectancy Theory suggests that motivation depends on expectancy, instrumentality, and valence