P2.2 Newton's Laws

• Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
• What is an example of an action-reaction pair in Newton's Third Law?

  Rocket expelling gases
• Newton's Second Law states that acceleration is directly proportional to force
• Match the type of force with its description:

  Normal force ↔️ Perpendicular force to surface

  Gravitational force ↔️ Force due to gravity
• What is the definition of Newton's First Law?

  Object's motion remains constant
• Newton's First Law is also known as the Law of Inertia
• What does each variable in Newton's Second Law represent?

  $F_{net}$ = Net force, $m$ = Mass, $a$ = Acceleration
• Match the concept with its definition and example:

  Net force ↔️ Total force acting on an object

  Mass ↔️ Amount of matter in an object

  Acceleration ↔️ Rate of change of velocity
• Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion
• A bowling ball is harder to move or stop than a tennis ball because it has more inertia
• What is the unit for acceleration in Newton's Second Law?

  m/s^2</latex>
• The net force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleration.


  True
• A 2 kg ball experiences a net force of 10 N. What is its acceleration?

  5 m/s²
• Match the concept with its example:

  Newton's Third Law ↔️ When you walk, your feet push backward on the ground (action), and the ground pushes forward on your feet (reaction).

  Action-Reaction Pair ↔️ The gravitational force Earth exerts on the moon (action) and the gravitational force the moon exerts on Earth (reaction).

  Magnitude and Direction ↔️ If a person punches a wall with 50 N of force, the wall pushes back on the person's fist with 50 N of force.
• Inertia depends on an object's mass
• If a 5 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s², the net force acting on it is 15 N
• What is the net force on a 5 kg object accelerating at 3 m/s²?

  15 N
• What is another name for Newton's First Law?

  Law of Inertia
• What is the mathematical expression for Newton's Second Law?

  $F_{net} =$$m \cdot a$
• Static friction is greater than kinetic friction
• Inertia depends on the velocity of an object.

  False
• Match the concept with its description:

  Newton's First Law ↔️ Object's motion remains constant

  Inertia ↔️ Resistance to changes in motion

  Uniform motion ↔️ Constant speed in a straight line
• Newton's Second Law applies only to objects in motion.

  False
• Newton's First Law states that an object's motion remains constant unless acted upon by an external force.

  True
• Uniform motion occurs when an object moves at constant speed in a straight line without external forces.


  True
• What is the mathematical expression for Newton's Second Law?

  $F_{net} =$$m \cdot a$
• Match the concept with its definition and example:

  Net Force ↔️ The total force acting on an object ||| If a 5 kg object accelerates at 3 m/s², the net force is 15 N

  Mass ↔️ The amount of matter in an object ||| An object accelerating at 2 m/s² under a 10 N force has a mass of 5 kg
• An object accelerating at 2 m/s² under a 10 N force has a mass of 5 kg.
• Newton's Second Law can be used to calculate the force required to produce a certain acceleration
• Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

  True
• What does Newton's First Law state about an object in motion without external forces?

  Remains in motion
• Match the concept with its example:

  Newton's First Law ↔️ A hockey puck sliding across ice continues moving until friction slows it down.

  Inertia ↔️ A car stops faster than a truck with the same force applied because the car has less inertia.
• What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration according to Newton's Second Law?

  F = m * a
• Newton's Second Law relates force, mass, and acceleration.


  True
• Match the concept with its description:

  Action Force ↔️ Force exerted by one object on another

  Reaction Force ↔️ Equal and opposite force exerted back
• Match the force with its description:

  Normal Force ↔️ Exerted by a surface to support weight

  Gravitational Force ↔️ Attractive force between masses
• What is the value of acceleration due to gravity (g)?

  9.8 m/s²
• What is the typical angle between the normal force and the weight force if the surface is horizontal?

  90°
• The magnitude of static friction is greater than kinetic friction.

  True
• Match the concept with its description in Newton's First Law:

  Inertia ↔️ Tendency to resist changes in motion

  Uniform Motion ↔️ Constant speed in a straight line