1.6.2 Quantitative Analysis

• Quantitative analysis determines the amount or concentration of a substance, while qualitative analysis identifies what substances are present.substances
• Quantitative analysis focuses on identifying the substances present in a sample.

  False
• Volumetric analysis measures the volume of a solution of known concentration required to react completely with the substance being analyzed
• Match the technique with its measured quantity:

  Volumetric Analysis ↔️ Volume of solution

  Gravimetric Analysis ↔️ Mass of substance
• Steps in performing volumetric analysis

  1️⃣ Prepare a solution of known concentration

  2️⃣ Add the solution to the sample

  3️⃣ Continue until the reaction is complete

  4️⃣ Determine the amount of unknown substance
• In acid-base titration, a few drops of an indicator are added to the sample.
• Match the titration type with its analyte:

  Acid-Base ↔️ Acid or Base

  Redox ↔️ Oxidizing or Reducing Agent

  Complexometric ↔️ Metal Ions
• The formula for concentration is: Concentration = Amount of Solute / Volume of Solution.


  True
• Quantitative analysis focuses on identifying the substances present in a sample.

  False
• Match the quantitative analysis technique with its measured quantity:

  Volumetric Analysis ↔️ Volume of Solution

  Titration ↔️ Volume of Titrant

  Gravimetric Analysis ↔️ Mass of Substance
• Acid-base titration uses a titrant to determine the concentration of an acid or base.


  True
• Match the technique with its description:

  Titration ↔️ Measures the volume of a solution of known concentration required to react completely

  Gravimetric Analysis ↔️ Measures the mass of a substance after it has been isolated and purified
• What are the key steps in volumetric analysis?

  1️⃣ Prepare a solution of known concentration

  2️⃣ Add this solution to the sample

  3️⃣ Continue until the reaction is complete

  4️⃣ The volume indicates the unknown substance's amount
• Quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis both determine the amount of a substance in a sample.

  False
• What does volumetric analysis measure in quantitative analysis?

  Volume of solution
• Quantitative analysis determines the identity of a substance, whereas qualitative analysis determines its amount.

  False
• The endpoint in acid-base titration is reached when the indicator changes color.

  True
• What are the common units for expressing concentration?

  mol/L or g/L
• What is the molar mass of NaCl?

  58.44 g/mol
• What does gravimetric analysis measure in quantitative analysis?

  Mass of substance
• Volumetric Analysis measures the volume of a solution of known concentration
• Key steps in Acid-Base Titration

  1️⃣ Prepare the sample to be titrated

  2️⃣ Fill the burette with the titrant solution

  3️⃣ Add a few drops of an indicator to the sample

  4️⃣ Slowly add the titrant to the sample while stirring

  5️⃣ Stop when the indicator changes color, signifying the endpoint

  6️⃣ Record the volume of titrant used

  7️⃣ Calculate the concentration of the sample using the titration data
• What are the common units for expressing concentration?

  mol/L or g/L
• The formula for moles is: Moles = Mass / Molar Mass
• Stoichiometry in titrations helps determine the concentration of an unknown solution.

  True
• Steps to apply stoichiometry to titrations

  1️⃣ Write the balanced chemical equation

  2️⃣ Use the balanced equation to determine the mole ratio

  3️⃣ Measure the volume of titrant used

  4️⃣ Calculate the moles of titrant used

  5️⃣ Use the mole ratio to calculate the moles of the unknown

  6️⃣ Calculate the concentration of the unknown
• Match the step in stoichiometry to its description:

  Write the balanced chemical equation ↔️ Represents the reaction between acid and base

  Use the mole ratio ↔️ Relates moles of reactants and products

  Calculate the moles of titrant ↔️ Uses volume and concentration

  Calculate the concentration of unknown ↔️ Divides moles of unknown by sample volume
• What does gravimetric analysis measure compared to volumetric analysis?

  Mass
• In gravimetric analysis, the first step is to write the balanced chemical equation for the precipitation reaction.
• The molar mass of barium sulfate is 233.39 g/mol.
• In redox titrations, the endpoint indicator is a redox indicator.


  True
• One mole of a substance contains 6.022 × 10^23 particles.

  True
• What is the concentration of a solution if 50 g of NaCl is dissolved in 250 mL of water?

  200 g/L
• In stoichiometry, the mole ratio relates the moles of acid and base at the equivalence point
• The mole ratio in a balanced equation relates the moles of acid and base at the equivalence point.
• What principle is applied to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base solution in titrations?

  Stoichiometry
• Steps in gravimetric analysis

  1️⃣ Preparation: Dissolving the sample

  2️⃣ Precipitation: Adding a reagent

  3️⃣ Filtration: Separating the precipitate

  4️⃣ Drying: Removing moisture

  5️⃣ Weighing: Measuring the mass
• Gravimetric analysis measures mass, while volumetric analysis measures volume.


  True
• What is the mass of the dried barium sulfate precipitate in the example provided?

  0.5 g
• What is the focus of quantitative analysis in chemistry?

  Amount or concentration