8.5 Decolonization After 1900

• World War II weakened colonial powers and strengthened nationalist movements, accelerating decolonization.


  True
• What were the economic pressures faced by colonial powers after World War II that contributed to decolonization?

  Burden of war debts
• Arrange the following factors that influenced decolonization in a logical order, from cause to effect.

  1️⃣ World War II weakened colonial powers

  2️⃣ Nationalist movements gained strength

  3️⃣ Colonies demanded independence

  4️⃣ Decolonization occurred
• Nationalist movements were gaining momentum before World War II.

  False
• World War II strengthened nationalist sentiment in colonies.


  True
• Order the key decolonization movements in Africa by their outcomes.

  1️⃣ Independence of Ghana in 1957

  2️⃣ Independence of Algeria in 1962

  3️⃣ Independence of Kenya in 1963

  4️⃣ End of apartheid in South Africa in 1994
• Nationalist sentiment after World War II fueled African decolonization movements.


  True
• What geopolitical implications did the partition of India and Pakistan have?

  Ongoing tensions
• Nationalist movements grew due to ideas of self-determination
• Match the decolonization movement with its region and leader:

  Mau Mau Uprising ↔️ Kenya, Dedan Kimathi

  African National Congress ↔️ South Africa, Nelson Mandela

  Convention People's Party ↔️ Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah
• Arrange the major decolonization regions in Asia chronologically:

  1️⃣ Philippines

  2️⃣ India and Pakistan

  3️⃣ Southeast Asia
• Addressing ethnic and social divisions was crucial for fostering social unity
• Arrange the major decolonization regions chronologically:

  1️⃣ Early 1900s: Philippines

  2️⃣ 1947: India and Pakistan

  3️⃣ 1950s-1960s: Africa

  4️⃣ 1960s-1970s: Southeast Asia

  5️⃣ 1970s-1980s: Southern Africa
• What is the process by which colonies gain independence from their colonial powers called?

  Decolonization
• Match the decolonization dates with the regions where they occurred:

  Early 1900s ↔️ Philippines

  1947 ↔️ India and Pakistan

  1950s-1960s ↔️ Africa
• India and Pakistan gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947.

  True
• Pre-World War II, colonial powers were strong and unchallenged
• How did World War II weaken colonial powers economically and militarily?

  Increased war expenses
• Post-World War II, colonial powers faced economic burdens
• What common goal did all African decolonization movements share?

  End colonial rule
• Order the major decolonization events in Asia chronologically.

  1️⃣ Decolonization of the Philippines

  2️⃣ Independence of India and Pakistan

  3️⃣ Decolonization of Southeast Asia
• Decolonization was driven by nationalist movements, economic pressures, and the weakening of colonial powers.


  True
• Order the changes in colonial powers, nationalist movements, and global attitudes from pre-WWII to post-WWII.

  1️⃣ Colonial powers were strong and unchallenged

  2️⃣ Nationalist movements were emerging but suppressed

  3️⃣ Global attitudes accepted colonialism

  4️⃣ Colonial powers weakened by war

  5️⃣ Nationalist movements gained support

  6️⃣ Global attitudes questioned colonialism
• The decolonization of Asia was driven by nationalist sentiments and the weakening of colonial powers after World War II
• Economic reconstruction in newly independent countries involved diversifying economies dependent on colonial trade.

  True
• Colonial powers faced economic burdens after World War II
• Arrange the major decolonization events after 1900 in chronological order.

  1️⃣ Early 1900s: Decolonization of the Philippines from the United States

  2️⃣ 1947: Decolonization of India and Pakistan from the United Kingdom

  3️⃣ 1950s-1960s: Decolonization of Africa

  4️⃣ 1960s-1970s: Decolonization of Southeast Asia

  5️⃣ 1970s-1980s: Decolonization of Southern Africa
• The shift in global attitudes after World War II led to colonialism being widely questioned
• What war accelerated the process of decolonization?

  World War II
• Before World War II, colonialism was generally accepted
• What type of environment did World War II create for decolonization?

  Conducive
• Match the African decolonization movement with its key region:

  Mau Mau Uprising ↔️ Kenya

  National Congress ↔️ South Africa

  FLN ↔️ Algeria

  CPP ↔️ Ghana
• A key event in the decolonization of Asia was the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947
• Match the challenge faced by newly independent countries with its description:

  Resolving Territorial Disputes ↔️ Settling border issues from colonial boundaries

  Economic Reconstruction ↔️ Rebuilding infrastructure and diversifying economies

  Managing Ethnic Tensions ↔️ Addressing historical ethnic divisions
• How did World War II change global attitudes towards colonialism?

  Widely questioned
• The African National Congress (ANC) in South Africa primarily used guerrilla warfare to achieve their goals.

  False
• Match the decolonization region with its significant leader:

  Philippines ↔️ Emilio Aguinaldo

  India and Pakistan ↔️ Mahatma Gandhi

  Southeast Asia ↔️ Ho Chi Minh
• What is the process by which colonies gain independence from their colonial powers called?

  Decolonization