2.1.3 Urban Challenges

• High land costs are a major cause of the lack of affordable housing
• What are some causes of urban inequality?

  Uneven distribution of jobs
• What are some impacts of aging urban infrastructure?

  Service interruptions, pollution
• What are some specific causes of the housing challenge?

  High land costs, limited funding
• Urban challenges arise due to rapid urbanization
• What are some impacts of the housing challenge in cities?

  Overcrowding, poor health
• Limited upward mobility is a key impact of urban inequality
• Urban challenges are caused by rapid population growth and inadequate planning
• Uneven distribution of educational opportunities is a cause of urban inequality
• Overcrowding and poor hygiene increase the spread of diseases in urban areas.


  True
• What are the primary drivers of urban challenges in cities today?

  Rapid urbanization and population growth
• What are the three main categories of urban challenges mentioned in the text?

  Housing, inequality, infrastructure
• What are the main causes of the housing challenge in urban areas?

  High land costs, limited funding, lack of policies
• What strains city services like water, electricity, and public transport?

  Aging or inadequate infrastructure
• What are the three main causes of the housing challenge in urban areas?

  High land costs, limited funding, lack of policies
• What are the three main consequences of urban inequality?

  Social unrest, crime, limited mobility
• Inclusionary zoning laws require a percentage of new developments to be affordable
• What type of approach is required to address urban challenges?

  Multi-faceted
• What is one goal cities can focus on to reduce inequality?

  Equitable distribution of resources
• Steps to improve city infrastructure

  1️⃣ Maintain and upgrade water, electricity, and transportation systems

  2️⃣ Implement long-term, coordinated planning

  3️⃣ Explore innovative solutions like renewable energy
• What are examples of innovative solutions for urban infrastructure?

  Renewable energy, smart city technologies
• Infrastructure upgrades may involve exploring innovative solutions like renewable energy
• Effective urban solutions require long-term commitment and coordination across different agencies
• Order the following impacts of urban challenges based on the challenge they relate to:

  1️⃣ Overcrowding (Housing)

  2️⃣ Social unrest (Inequality)

  3️⃣ Traffic congestion (Infrastructure)
• What are some consequences of aging urban infrastructure?

  Service interruptions, pollution
• Vast disparities in wealth and access to resources between city areas contribute to urban inequality.


  True
• Match the urban challenge with its primary causes:

  Housing ↔️ High land costs, limited funding

  Inequality ↔️ Uneven distribution of jobs

  Infrastructure ↔️ Underinvestment, poor planning
• Order the following causes of urban challenges by the specific challenge they relate to:

  1️⃣ High land costs (Housing)

  2️⃣ Uneven distribution of jobs (Inequality)

  3️⃣ Underinvestment (Infrastructure)
• The lack of economic mobility and access to resources may drive some to engage in crime
• What is one policy governments can implement to increase affordable housing?

  Provide subsidies for developers
• Urban challenges contribute to environmental degradation and health hazards
• Inclusionary zoning laws require a percentage of new developments to be affordable
• Promoting job creation and training programs in underserved areas helps ensure equal access to education
• Long-term, coordinated planning helps address future infrastructure needs
• Affordable housing policies include regulations to increase low-cost housing supply.


  True
• Equitable resource distribution is easy to implement due to existing disparities.

  False
• Vast disparities in wealth are a primary cause of urban inequality.


  True
• Poor planning is a major cause of inadequate urban infrastructure.


  True
• Rapid urbanization is a primary driver of urban challenges.


  True
• What are some causes of inadequate urban infrastructure?

  Underinvestment, poor planning